1912] Wiegand,— Notes on Amelanchier 239 
XANTHIUM STRUMARIUM IN MaASSACHUSETTS.— For many years the 
name Xanthium strumarium L. was familiar to American botanists. 
By Michaux and by Pursh the name was used to cover all American 
clotburs; but by Torrey & Gray X. strumarium was said to be “more 
or less naturalized.” In Gray's Manual for six editions the plant 
was included as it was, also, in the Synoptical Flora, where it was 
treated as “sparingly nat. from Eu.? or Ind?" More recently, 
however, since a more detailed study of Xanthium, the occurrence of 
true X. strumarium in the northeastern United States has proved so 
doubtful that the name has been dropped from our manuals. 
On October 22nd last, while walking with a party of students along 
the beach near Crescent Beach station in Revere, Massachusetts, I 
was sufficiently impressed by the unusual aspect of a tall Xanthium, 
growing among the litter and seedling watermelon vines of such 
cosmopolitan habitats, to stop and examine it. The plant proved to 
be true X. strumarium, characterized by its tiny ovoid to subglobose 
burs 8-12 mm. long, much smaller than in any of the American 
species. There was a single large plant from which all who wished 
took specimens, and enough burs had scattered to start a large colony 
in 1913 should the fruits of this tropical and subtropical species 
survive the winter at Crescent Beach. Observations next autumn 
should be made by those who visit Crescent Beach.— M. L. FERNALD, 
Gray Herbarium. 
NOTES ON AMELANCHIER. 
K. M. WIEGAND. 
In a recent paper ! on Amelanchier, a designation of the type speci- 
men of A. humilis Wiegand was inadvertently omitted from the 
original description of the species. This type is in the Gray Herba- 
rium: rocks, lake shore near McKenney’s, Tompkins County, New 
York, May 11 & 30, 1895. K. M. Wiegand. 
Since the above cited paper on Amelanchier was published, the 
writer has again reviewed much of the previously studied material of 
1 Wiegand, K. M.— The Genus Amelanchier in Eastern North America. RHODORA, 
XIV, 117, July, 1912. 
