112 Rhodora. [JUNE 
NOTES ON NEW OR RARE VIOLETS OF NORTHEASTERN 
AMERICA. 
Ezra BRAINERD. 
I have had the privilege of examining the violets collected by Prof. 
Fernald the past season in Prince Edward Island and the Magdalen 
Islands, and also those collected the two previous years in Newfound- 
land. They conform for the most part to the forms found in eastern 
Quebee and in the mountainous regions of northern New England. 
In Newfoundland, V. labradorica seems to take the place of V. con- 
spersa. The only white violets are V. renifolia var. Brainerdii, V. 
pallens (often with the petioles of summer leaves quite hirtellous), 
V. incognita, and its var. Forbesii. Not unexpectedly, V. septen- 
trionalis and V. nephrophylla were found in Newfoundland. We miss, 
however, all forms of V. canadensis and V. pubescens, and the acaules- 
cent V. rotundifolia, V. sororia and V. affinis, — five species rarely, 
if ever, found to the north or east of Maine. 
V. CUCULLATA is widely distributed in these islands, and quite 
variable. The most common form, as in the Green Mts., is one in 
which the leaves under a lens appear more or less hirtellous, and the 
margin of the sepals “often interruptedly serrulate-ciliolate." This 
is the V. prionosepala of Dr. Greene. (Pitt. v. 99.) We do not 
believe it specifically distinct, but it may well pass as V. cucullata Ait., 
forma prionosepala (Greene). 
Another departure from the quite glabrous form of the Middle 
Atlantic States is more serious. The long auricles of the persistent 
sepals have been considered a reliable character in V. cucullata. But 
in Newfoundland and the Magdalen Islands plants occur with short 
appressed auricles, though in other characters — foliage, flowers and 
seeds — conforming to normal V. cucullata. This we would mark off 
as: 
VIOLA CUCULLATA Ait., var. microtitis, var. nov., auriculis sepa- 
lorum 1-2 mm. longis, multo brevioribus quam in forma communi.— 
Auricles of the sepals 1-2 mm. long, much shorter than in the ordi- 
nary form.— NEWFOUNDLAND:— damp thickets and open woods, 
Grand Falls, July 4, 1911; wet mossy spruce and larch woods, Grand 
Falls, July 5, 1911; low mossy and boggy spruce woods along Gander 
River, Glenwood, July 12 & 13, 1911; bog, Black Island, July 20, 
