1913] Long,— Southerly Range Extensions in Antennaria 121 
distribution well recognized. Antennaria canadensis, A. occidentalis, 
and A. petaloidea are species characteristic of the region north of 
Pennsylvania. Here they extend through New England and eastern 
Canada westward half way or more across the continent. A southerly 
advance of Canadian types such as these would be found along the 
general line of the Alleghanies, where they find climatic and tempera- 
ture conditions similar to those of their northern home. These three 
plants will probably be found to belong to a group whose distribution 
may be typified by such species as Glyceria Torreya, Tiarella cordi- 
olia, Pyrus americana, Acer pennsylvanicum, A. spicatum. 
Although Antennaria canadensis has not yet, to the best of my 
knowledge, been collected between the Catskills and Natural Bridge, 
I feel that with future work in the Alleghanies its occurrence in 
Pennsylvania will be established. An interesting analogy would be 
shown should its distribution prove to be similar to that of Thuja 
occidentalis, which, despite the natural assumption that it extends 
from its northern home all along the Alleghanies to its southern limit 
in North Carolina, appears to be quite unknown in a native state in the 
wide mountain area of Pennsylvania.! 
In our present knowledge of A. petaloidea and A. occidentalis ex- 
tending down along the mountains only as far as Pennsylvania, their 
distribution is closely paralleled by such species as Alnus incana, 
Lonicera canadensis, Lobelia Kalmii. 
Antennaria Parlinii is found to have a more southerly distribution 
than the other three species, occurs at lower altitudes, and extends 
well down into the northern coastal plain. It belongs to quite a 
different category — not a Canadian but an Alleghanian type. More 
properly it might be called an Alleghanian type encroaching on the 
Carolinian Zone. The impossibility of sharply separating the several 
floras in eastern America is a well-known fact.? There would seem 
to be sufficiently good evidence, however, for classing A. Parlinii as 
above. Its distribution in Maine — absent from the northern boreal 
portion but extending through the southern part (Alleghanian Zone) 
and in a broad arm well up the Penobscot Valley — is particularly 
interesting and indicative of the life-zone to which it belongs. Its 
occurrence through southerly New England in general, up along the 
1 See Porter, Flora of Pennsylvania, 3 (1903); Taylor, Torreya, ix. 206 (1909), xii. 
103 (1912). 
? See Fernald, Expedition to Newfoundland. Ruopora, xiii. 137, 139 (1911). 
