20 Rhodora [JANUARY 
Restigouche River, Matapedia, July 19, 1904, Fernald. MAINE: 
shaded bank of St. John River, Allagash, August 11, 1893, Fernald; 
wooded bank of St. John River, Van Buren, September 18, 1900, 
Fernald; rocky island in Penobscot River, Upper Stillwater, September 
18, 1899, Fernald. 
A puzzling plant, in its characteristic development very different 
from the commonly larger H. canadense, but presenting numerous 
perplexing transitions. The variety seems to be more inclined than 
the species to an aberrant development (possibly pathological) in 
which the branches become shortened and crowded among the reduced 
upper leaves, the heads in these aberrant individuals becoming very 
numerous and tiny (with involucres only 2 or 3 mm. long). 
IL. SOME ANOMALOUS SPECIES AND VARIETIES OF 
BIDENS IN EASTERN NORTH AMERICA. 
M. L. FERNALD AND Hanorp Sr. Jonn. 
In 1909 a peculiar Bidens was found on the tidal flats of Winnegance 
Creek, near the mouth of the Kennebec River in Maine, and at that 
time identified ! with the northern B. hyperborea Greene, which was 
already known from James Bay and the estuaries of streams entering 
the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Subsequently the Maine plant has been 
found not only along Winnegance Creek, but on the tidal reaches of 
the Androscoggin at Topsham and Brunswick. Although in its erect 
outer involucral bracts it strongly simulates B. hyperborea, the plant 
of the lower Androscoggin and Kennebec shows many characters 
which indicate that its affinity is more nearly with B. Eatoni Fernald 
of the tidal flats of the Merrimac River. In B. hyperborea the 
heads are slenderly cylindric-campanulate; the chaff dark-striate; the 
achenes consistently 4-awned and many-striate, the inner nearly or 
quite 1 cm. long. In the plant of the lower Androscoggin and Kenne- 
bec the heads are turbinate-hemispherical, the chaff pale, often in- 
conspicuously striate; the achenes consistently 2-awned, the inner 
6 mm. long; and ordinarily the primary leaves more acuminate at tip 
1 Fernald & Wiegand, Ruopona, xii. 120, 144 (1910). 
