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^ 
40 Rhodora [FEBRUARY 
specimen may not have been collected before 1753. Clayton, con- 
founding two species, referred his specimen of the Black Oak to the 
species which Linnaeus called Q. rubra in the Species Plantarum and 
in the tenth edition of the Systema Naturae. 
3. Clayton's Quercus Castaneae foliis, glandibus maximis is a 
flowering specimen with leaves nearly one-third grown. The long 
petioles and the serrature of the leaves show that it is Quercus Mueh- 
lenbergii. Two Chestnut Oaks naturally grow in Gloucester County, 
where Q. Michauxii is the more common of the two. I saw only a 
few trees of Q. Muehlenbergii and only one individual of Q. Prinus, a 
very large tree growing in the grounds of an old colonial estate where 
it had probably been planted. Clayton evidently confounded two 
species as his "glandibus maximis" must have belonged to Q. 
Michauxii, and it is probable that two and perhaps three Chestnut 
Oaks are included in Linnaeus’s Quercus Prinus. ^" Denticulis ro- 
tundatis uniformibus " in his description would apply to Q. Prinus and 
Q. Michauxii. Plukenet's figure quoted by Linnaeus represents a 
single leaf which might belong to either Q. Primus or Q. Michauxii, 
but Catesby's full-page plate and his description also quoted by Lin- 
naeus clearly represent Q. Michauxii. It seems necessary therefore 
to restore the name Q. Prinus L. to the tree now called Q. Michauxii 
Nutt. and adopt again for the Rock Chestnut Oak the name of Q. 
montana Willd., the name used for this tree by Pursh and by Gray in 
all editions of his Manual published during his life and by other authors 
until Engelmann selected the Rock Chestnut Oak as the type of Q. 
Prinus on the mistaken idea that it was the common Chestnut Oak of 
Virginia, meaning by Virginia, of course, that part of the state in 
which the early botanists collected. Quercus Prinus is an Appala- 
chian tree and rarely grows near the coast, and it is Q. Michauxii 
which would have attracted the attention of Banister, Clayton and 
Catesby who worked chiefly in the coast region. 
Photographs of these three specimens of Clayton may be seen in 
the Herbarium of the Arboretum. 
ARNOLD ARBORETUM. 
