1915] Evans,— Notes on New England Hepaticae,— XII 113 
spinose bracts, usually growing on rotten logs. According to Spruce 
the bracts were variable in his C. catenulata, the lobes being some- 
times entire and sometimes variously toothed. Certain later Euro- 
pean writers considered Spruce’s species an aggregate. In their 
opinion the plant with entire lobes represented the true J. catenulata, 
while the one with toothed lobes represented J. reclusa or C. serriflora. 
In accordance with these ideas the writer recommended eleven years 
ago that Lindberg’s name be retained for the plant with toothed bracts. 
It was recommended further that Taylor’s name be given up alto- 
gether. This suggestion was made because Taylor’s species, although 
older, was based on several distinct plants. Just what the plant with 
entire lobes represented was not considered because no species answer- 
ing to the descriptions was known from North America. 
A year ago Schiffner ? was able to clear up the confusion about J. 
catenulata by the study of specimens in the Nees von Esenbeck her- 
barium at Strassburg. He found that the bracts in this material, 
which was received from Hübener himself, were distinctly toothed 
and that the original description was therefore in error when it stated 
that they were entire. For this reason it becomes necessary to revive 
the name C. catenulata and to apply it to the species which has recently 
been known in North Anerica as C. serriflora. Schiffner showed 
further that the plant with entire lobes deserved no special recogni- 
tion, being apparently a mixture of C. catenulata and C. macrostachya 
Kaalaas. 
It will be noted that C. virginiana is included among the synonyms 
of C. catenulata, in spite of the fact that it is accepted as valid by 
Stephani? Spruce based this species on material collected at Ports- 
mouth, Virginia, and preserved in the Schimper herbarium. He 
proposed it as new with reservations, emphasizing its close relation- 
ship to C. catenulata. According to his account the inflorescence in 
C. virginiana is either autoicous or dioicous, the latter condition being 
the more usual, the androecia are elongated, the perianth is wider 
above the middle, and its mouth is setulose or ciliolate. In C. catenu- 
lata, on the other hand, the inflorescence is invariably dioicous, the 
androecia are short, the perianth is not wider above the middle, and 
the mouth is setose or ciliate, in other words it has longer teeth. It 
1 RuopoRA 6 : 173. 1904. 
2 Hedwigia 54 : 313. tert fig. 1-5. 1914. 
3 Bull. del'Herb. Boissier If. 8:375. 1908. 
