1915] Fernald and Wiegand,— Genus Euphrasia 199 
Ruopora, iv. 26 (1902); Moulton, ibid. 189 (1902); Robinson & 
Fernald in Gray, Man. ed. 7, 733 (1908); Cushman, RHODORA, xi. 
13 (1909); Fernald & Wiegand, Ruopora, xii. 103, 143 (1910). 
E. officinalis Gray, Syn. Fl. ii. pt. 1, 305 (1878), in part; Redfield, 
Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. xii. 103 (1885) and xiii. 232 (1886); Lawson, 
Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. xiv. 10 (1887); Vroom, ibid. 12 (1887); Chickering, 
Bot. Gaz. xii. 322 (1888), in part; not L.— Plant 1—4 dm. high, 
simple or more or less branched; branches long, spreading or arcuate- 
ascending: leaves ovate-oblong, glabrous, the primary 0.5-2 em. long, 
coarsely toothed; teeth acute or obtuse: spikes rather short, except 
in full fruit, occupying the ends of the stems and branches, in maturity 
becoming 3-15 em. long: bracts 5-18 pairs, glabrous, conspicuous, 
broadly ovate, more or less spreading, coarsely aristate-toothed, 
the lowest in maturity 0.5-2 em. apart: flowers medium to large: 
corolla pale, 7-10 mm. long; upper lip tinged with purple, shallowly 
bilcbed, the lobes partly reflexed, each 2-3-toothed; lower lip large, 
white with dark-purple lines, fan-shaped, the lateral lobes wide- 
spreading.— The commonest Euphrasia throughout southeastern 
Maine, the Maritime Provinces, and Newfoundland, rarely found far 
away from habitations. NEWFOUNDLAND: fields and roadsides, 
Kiligrew’s, August 3, 1911, Fernald & Wiegand, no. 6176; dry road- 
sides and pastures, Carbonear, August 6 and 7, 1911, Fernald & 
Wiegand, no. 6177; roadsides and dry clearings, Whitbourne, August 
8, 1911, Fernald & Wiegand, no. 6178; Clarenville, July 18, 1902, 
L. L. Dame; Fogo Island, August 7, 1903, J. D. Sornborger; grassy 
shore of Dildo Run, New World Island, July 17, 1911, Fernald, 
Wiegand & Bartram, no. 6174; Glenwood, July 12 and 13, 1911, 
Fernald, Wiegand & Darlington, no. 6172; ledges, talus and gravel, 
north bank of Exploits River, below the falls, Bishop Falls, July 28, 
1911, Fernald, Wiegand & Darlington, no. 6175; gravelly railroad 
bank near Rushy Pond, July 15, 1911, Fernald, Wiegand & Bartram, 
no. 6173; alluvium of brook, Quarry, August 23, 1911, Fernald & 
Wiegand, no. 6179; Grand Lake, July 25-August 15, 1906, Owen 
Bryant; grassy fields, Cow Head, July 23, 1910, Fernald & Wiegand, 
no. 3984; railway gravel near Bay of Islands station, July 18, 1910, 
Feraald, Wiegand & Kittredge, no. 3981; damp pastures, Birchy Cove 
(Curling), August 10, 1910, Fernald, Wiegand & Kittredge, no. 3989; 
open moist and grassy to dry and sterile places, Bay of Islands, 
August 10, 1908, Hames & Godfrey, no. 8063; fields, Doyle's, Great 
Cocroy River July, 1912, J. R. Lunt; field near coast, Channel, 
July 27-August 1, 1901, Howe & Lang, no. 789. QueEBEc: sterile 
soil, western end of Bonaventure Island, August 7 and 8, 1907, Fernald 
& Collins, no. 1165; fields and tops of sea-cliffs, Paspébiac, July 26, 
1902, Williams & Fernald; sandy grassland, New Carlisle, July 28, 
1902, Williams & Fernald. MaGDALEN IsrANDs: dry sandy summit 
of Great Bird Rock, August 7, 1914, St. John, no. 1645; dry sandy 
headlands, Brion Island, August, 1914, St. John, nos. 1643, 1644; 
