234 Rhodora [DECEMBER 
as B. virginianum, a plant which, as represented in the Gray Herbarium 
and as shown by the plates illustrating the Scandinavian and Russian 
specimens, departs from the common Alleghanian and eastern Asiatic 
material in exactly the points indicated above. "This European plant 
was set off by Presl as B. anthemoides,! but has subsequently been 
treated as B. virginianum, var. europaeum Angstróm.? 
Besides the material from the region of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, 
characteristic specimens have been seen from the Thunder Bay Dis- 
trict, Ontario, and from northern New England. In New England 
some of the plants seem to be exactly intermediate, as judged by the 
cutting of the frond, between B. virginianum and var. europaeum, 
but south of this area all the plants seem to be typical B. virginianum. 
The plant with the less dissected frond, being the only representative 
of the species in Europe and occurring in North America chiefly north 
of the range of typical B. virginianum, seems to the writers to be well 
separated as a variety which should be called B. virginianum (L.) 
Sw., var. europaeum Ángstróm.— M. L. FEnNALD and Harotp Sr. 
JOHN. 
BIDENS CONNATA PETIOLATA.— At Franklin, Connecticut, in low 
meadows, B. connata petiolata occurs with noticeably large heads and 
with achenes considerably exceeding the length of 4-6 mm. given for 
the species in the last edition of the Manual. In the Franklin plants 
the mature central achenes are 8-9 mm. long. Very few central 
achenes shorter than 8 mm. were found in the many heads examined 
by the writer. The measurements refer to large, well developed heads. 
The awns, too, are longer than in the species, as well as stouter, and 
the two pairs are often of equal length. Short golden-yellow rays are 
usually developed early but soon fall away. "The plants are abundant 
in Franklin Meadows, and very uniform in habit. "They show well a 
difference between variety and species, which seems, so far as the 
writer's observation extends, to be constant, but is, however, more 
readily recognized in the field than in the herbarium. In the typical 
. form of the species the head is low and hemispherical, while in the 
variety it is taller and cylindrical, or at full maturity slightly 
broadened upward. In fresh plants the contrast is striking. Speci- 
mens have been deposited in the Gray Herbarium.— R. W. Woop- 
WARD, New Haven, Connecticut. 
! Presl. Abh. bóhm. Ges. ser. 5, v. 323 (1848). 
.? Angstrém, Botaniska Notiser (1854) 68. 
