VoL. Iv.] Szerra Nevada Plants in Coast Range. 169 
the earliest possible date. Man brings with him so many dis- 
turbing elements that a few years may almost change the face of 
nature. Of these disturbing factors, one of the greatest is a flock 
of sheep. Not only does it destroy or render very scarce many 
of the native plants, but in California, where sheep are kept on 
the public domain, they are fed in the spring months on the 
foothills, are driven to the high mountains as the season advances, 
and back as the snow threatens, to the stubble fields and tule 
marshes of the lowlands, In these peregrinations they distribute 
in varying proportion the seeds of many of the plants growing in 
the regions passed over. There is scarcely a spot except upon 
the highest peaks, where sheep have not penetrated and altered 
to some extent the character of the flora. 
The railway lines are another potent factor in the disturbance 
of distribution, the construction trains, which transport rock 
and earth for embankments, offering special facilities for the 
wandering of species, but their action being more definite and 
much more recent, is in most cases readily understood and causes 
‘no confusion, as for instance in the invasion of the San Joaquin 
Valley by the plants of the Mojave Desert now in active 
progress. 
The species enumerated below are in most cases additions to 
the known flora of the Coast Range or have their range much 
extended southward. It does not comprise all the additions col- 
lected, the grasses, Cyperacez, etc., being neglected, and even of 
the other orders a considerable number have escaped reckoning 
on account of the distribution of the plants in the herbarium, no 
list having been made, and only those included which could be 
recalled from memory and readily verified. The greater part of 
them were obtained from Snow Mountain in Lake County in two 
visits; one made by Mr. Brandegee in June, 1891; the second by 
the writer late in August, 1892. : 
Snow Mountain is in Lake County and nearly due north a little 
more than a hundred miles from San Francisco. It rises to a 
height of nearly 7000 feet, and the depth of the winter snow and 
the degree of cold is apparently quite as great as at the summit 
of the Donner Pass in the central Sierra Nevada. The plants 
are still insufficiently known, the top being covered with snow 
