1916] Evans,— Notes on New England Hepaticae,— XIII 77 



Hepaticae, 1 the example of M idler is followed, and S. Oakesii is in- 

 cluded among the synonyms of S. dentata. 



A few years later Kaalaas 2 found an ambiguous Scapania in Sond- 

 more, Norway, at an altitude of 800 m. He considered it distinct 

 from all the known European species and identified it as N. Oakesii, 

 which he knew from description only. In distinguishing his plant 

 from S. dentata and N. undulata, he again emphasizes the carinal teeth 

 but states that this character is associated with a series of others, both 

 lobes, for example, being rounded as in S. subalpina (Nees) Dumort., 

 while the dorsal lobe arches far across the stem and the keel is curved. 

 Mtiller 3 now shares the views of Kaalaas, at least to the extent of 

 considering S. Oakesii a " kleine Art," and includes it among the 

 species of Europe, citing the Norwegian station as the only one known 

 at the present time. For North America he cites Eureka, California, 

 in addition to the New Hampshire localities. 



The writer has examined Austin's specimens of S. Oakesii in two 

 sets of his exsiccati and has found in both cases a mixture of S. undulata 

 and the plant which Midler regards as Austin's type. Since the S. 

 undulata has no carina! teeth while the other plant exhibits them in 

 abundance, Midler's views are clearly correct, The plant with the 

 carinal teeth shows further the other characteristics pointed out by 

 Kaalaas, and the same thing is true of the specimens from Maine and 

 Vermont which are quoted above. The carinal teeth are by no means 

 constant, some of the leaves developing five or more while others 

 show few or none, but leaves with teeth of this character apparently 

 occur on every well-developed stem and form a very striking feature 

 of the species. In reinstating S. Oakesii as a member of the New 

 England flora the writer admits that its characters are less definite 

 than might be desired; at the same time they are fully as satisfactory 

 as the characters of such species as S. dentata, S. subalpina, and S. 

 undulata, species which are universally recognized but which are 

 nevertheless connected by transitional forms. The four varieties 

 distinguished by Austin need further investigation. 



2. Scapania paltjdicola Loeske & K. Midi.; K. Mtiller, Raben- 

 horst's Kryptogamen-Flora 6 2 : 425./. 126,126. 1915. In peat bogs. 

 Maine: near Schoodic Lake, Piscataquis County (A. W. E.)\ Hound 



i EtaODORA 8: 41. 1900. 



- Kgl. Norske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. 1910': 20. 1911. 



1 Rabenhorst's kryptojiamen-Klora 6 2 : 400. 1915. 



