64 RHOPALOCERA. 
Great difference of opinion has of late existed as to the rightful owner of the name 
Papilio andromeda, Fabricius, one which has been applied to three very different 
insects by different entomologists, all of whom have grounds for the views they hold. 
Fabricius, in first introducing this name, makes no mention of the red patch on the 
hind wings, but, on the other hand, refers to a “litura parva, cerulea” on those 
wings, pointing at once to one of the blue-winged species C. philis or one of the allied 
forms, or to C. esmeralda. Mr. Butler uses C. andromeda without hesitation, and 
places C. philis (Cram.) as a synonym. Mr. Kirby, probably laying more stress upon 
the introduction of the word “ parva ” into the diagnosis, fixes it with equal confidence 
to the insect usually known as C. esmeralda (Doubl.). Mr. Bates °, looking to the fact 
that Fabricius himself, in his subsequent reference to his Papilio andromeda‘, distinctly 
refers the name P. menander, Drury, to the same insect, and amends his diagnosis by 
the addition of the words “ posticis apice rubris” (the words “litura cerulea” still 
remaining in a note), without hesitation uses the name andromeda, as an older title 
than menander, for this butterfly. Under these conflicting circumstances we are 
driven to the conclusion that to attempt to fix the name andromeda with certainty is 
hopeless, owing to the insufficiency of the original description and the uncertainty of 
its author respecting it, and that therefore it ought to be set aside altogether. We 
use, then, the following names for these three insects, about which there can be no 
reasonable doubts, viz. C. menander (Drury) for the Central-American species now 
under consideration, C. philis (Cram.) for the Guiana species, and C. esmeralda for that 
found at Para and its vicinity. | | 
Although Drury says he received the specimen from which his figure is taken from 
Jamaica, it most probably came from the mainland, as this insect is not found in the 
West Indies, and his figure agrees accurately with our Central-American examples. 
Its range extends from Nicaragua just into Colombia, whence we have two examples, 
Thence southward into Peru its place is taken by a closely-allied form named C. aurora 
by Felder; this, though varying considerably both in the tint and extent of the 
colouring of the secondaries in certain localities, invariably has the blush more vivid 
and the inner portion of the cross band wavy instead of straight, and also a second 
band near to, but not touching, the outer margin as in the northern species. 
Our figures are taken from Panama specimens. 
2. Callitera polita. 
Hetera polita, Hew. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1869, p. 84°. 
@ alis latissimis vitreo-hyalinis, marginibus externis valde rotundatis, anticarum marginibus striisque trans- 
versis quatuor fuscis—una intra cellulam, altera per cellulam a costa ad marginem internum extensa, 
tertia in cellule finem, quarta arcuata ultra cellulam a costa ad angulum analem extensa; posticarum 
margine et striga bicurvata submarginali fuscis, ocello uno nigro fulvo circumcincto et albo pupillato in 
angulo apicali marginem attingente. 
Hab. Nicaragua, Chontales (Belt 1, Janson) ; Panama, Chiriqui (Arcé). 
