152 RHOPALOCERA. 
Alis nigris, marginibus externis undulatis, anticis ad apicem valde hamatis, macula transversa irregulari venis 
divisis ad cellule finem flava ; posticis area interna late rufo-coccinea; subtus alis dilutioribus, punctis ad 
basin coccineis, anticis regione apicali griseo notatis, posticis coloris ejusdem et in area mediana rubro- 
albicantibus, costa flava; antennis nigris. 
Hab. Mexico}, Jalapa (Deppe), Oaxaca (Fenochio); British Honpuras, river Sar- 
stoon (Blancaneaur) ; GuaTEMALA, Choctum, Chisoy valley, San Gerénimo, Motagua 
valley, Duefias (Ff. D. G. & O. S.), Balheu, Panima, and Sabo (Champion); Honpuras ®. 
This is a characteristic species of the temperate forests of Mexico and Guatemala, 
where it is found at an elevation as high as 6000 feet, whence it descends as low as 
1000 feet above the sea-level; but it is more abundant in suitable localities, lying at an 
elevation of from 4000 to 5000 feet, than elsewhere. In such places it is very common 
in Guatemala, and widely distributed over the mountainous parts of the country. 
Guérin, who first described A. hortensia, correctly gave its habitat as Mexico!; but 
Doubleday? put it down as a Colombian species ; on what grounds we cannot tell, but 
have no doubt he was wrong in so doing. We have no evidence of the occurrence of 
the insect south of Guatemala, except Boisduval’s statement that he received it from 
Honduras °: this may well be correct ; but the authority is untrustworthy. 
15. Heliconius montanus. (Tab. XVII. fig. 11.) 
Heliconius montanus, Salv. Ann. & Mag. N. H. ser. 4, vii. p. 414’; Butl. & Druce, P. Z. 8. 1874, 
p- 851%, 
H. hortensice similis, sed marginibus externis vix undulatis et anticis ad apicem rotundatis (nec hamatis), fascia 
flava angustiore, diversus. 
Hab. Costa Rica (Carmiol!, Van Patten?), Orosi (Kramer'), Volcan de Irazu and San 
Francisco (Rogers); Panama, Chiriqui (Zahn). 
Though we have compared this species with the one most nearly allied to it in our 
region, the Colombian H. clysonymus, Latr., is really its next of kin. From that insect 
it may be known by the much greater breadth of the red band of the secondaries. As 
both H. montanus and H. clysonymus are, like H. hortensia, species inhabiting moun- 
tainous countries, their respective ranges do not come into contact, being separated by 
the hot lowlands of the State of Panama and Northern Colombia. The slight differ- 
ence between the two species, therefore, is not likely to be neutralized by intermediate 
forms. 
The first specimen we received of H. montanus was obtained by Mr. Kramer, a 
botanist employed by Messrs. Veitch, near Orosi, in the Costa-Rican highlands. Since 
then we have seen a number of examples from the same district. These confirm the 
characters pointed out in our description, except as regards size. We now see no 
difference in this respect between H. montanus and H. clysonymus. The type being in 
rather poor condition, we have figured a fresher specimen from Costa Rica. 
