220 RHOPALOCERA. 
southernmost of the United States. In the Old World about a score of species have 
been described: and these are spread over the whole of the tropical portion of the 
eastern hemisphere, one species (J. vellida) being found in Australia and many of the 
islands of the Pacific Ocean. 
J. cenia seems to belong to the same Old-world group as this species. 
In J. cenia the subcostal nervure of the primaries gives off two branches before the 
end of the cell, and the absence of a lower discocellular nervule renders the cell quite 
open. The front legs of the male are slightly hairy; the coxa >4 femur- trochanter ; 
tibia+tarsus (single-jointed) about=femur; of the middle and posterior legs the 
femur is bare, the tibia and tarsi being strongly spined beneath, and the claws mode- 
rately curved. The palpi are moderately hairy, the terminal joint rather slender, the 
middle joint being stout and moderately swollen. The antenne have 37 joints, 
whereof the terminal 10 form an abrupt club. The secondary sexual organs of the 
male have a tegumen with a long slightly decurved median hook; the harpagones are 
long, narrow, and rounded at the end, with a strong slightly recurved tooth on the 
inner edge near the end. 
1. Junonia czenia. | 
Junonia cenia, Hiibn. Samml. ex. Schm. ii. t. 8321; Strecker, Butt. N. Am. p. 1887. 
Junonia pallens, Feld. Reise d. Nov. Lep. p. 401°; Butl. & Druce, P. Z. S. 1874, p. 346°. 
Junonia genovera, Dist. Proc. Ent. Soc. 1876, p. xiii’. 
Alis fuscis bioculatis, anticis maculis duabus in cellula ferrugineis, tertia magna ultra eandem irregulari a costa 
ad marginem externum extendente, posticis lineis submarginalibus tribus nigris ornatis; subtus valde ~ 
variabilibus, plerumque fusco-ferrugineis et ocellis pagines superioris plus minusve indicatis, his interdum 
fere obsoletis. 
Hab. Norta America, southern portion?.—Mexico (Deppe), Orizaba (Hedemann), 
Cordova (Riimeli), Oaxaca (Fenochio); British Honpuras, Corosal (Roe) ; GUATEMALA, 
Motagua and Polochic valleys (fF. D. G. & 0. 8.), Chuacus (Hague), San Gerénimo, 
Cahabon (Champion) ; Nicaragua, Chontales (Belt); Costa Rica (Van Patten*, Gabb®) ; 
Panama, Chiriqui, Calobre (Arcé), Caldera (Champion); Lion Hill (M‘Leannan), Colon 
(Markham).—Antitues, Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti; CoLoMBIA. 
Considerable variation occurs in this species, both on the upper and under sides. 
The ocelli in North-American specimens are very large, and the insect is generally of a 
lighter colour than those from further south. Hiibner’s figure of J. cwnia represents 
one of these northern forms; but we have Mexican examples which are not to be 
separated from them, though in passing southwards towards Colombia the ocelli 
become much smaller, and the insect has generally a darker colour; but these differ- 
ences are not quite constant in the same locality. In South America there is a closely 
allied species, the male of which has the internal area of the secondaries more or less 
tinged with dark green. 
