EPICALIA. 241 
trochanter; tibia<femur; tarsus (single-jointed)=tibia. Claws of middle and poste- 
rior legs moderately curved. Eyes smooth. Palpi slightly hairy, terminal joint about 
$ middle joint (in E. nyctimus about 4), which is slightly thickened towards the distal 
end. The antenne have 39 joints, whereof the terminal 12 form a moderate club. 
The secondary male sexual organs have a tegumen with a long, slightly depressed, 
central spine, the harpagones are simple lobes, hairy at the end, and reaching to the 
end of the tegumen. In addition to these parts is a separate chitinous piece, probably 
present in most Nymphalidw, which, starting from the ventral surface of the distal end 
of the seventh segment of the body, extends in two rods almost to the end of the 
harpagones, and have some strong spines at their distal ends. This character seems 
unusually developed in some species of Epicalia. 
a. Costa of secondaries much rounded to cover a large pencil of hairs on the 
underside of the primaries. 
1. Epicalia acontius. 
Papilio acontius, Linn. Mant. p. 5377. 
Epicalia acontius, Bates, Journ. Ent. ii. p. 2022; F. Miill. Arch. d. Museu Nac. ii. p. 31, t. 3°. 
Papilio medea, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 508%. 
Alis supra brunneo-nigris, fascia communi lata fulva a ramo discocellulari inferiore anticarum ad medium 
marginis interni posticarum ; subtus nebuloso-sericeo-fuscis, anticarum ad apicem albicantibus. 
Femina major, anticis magis productis, alis trifasciatis fasciis prima et media extus maculosis, tertia fere omnino 
maculosa et omnibus flavis, posticis linea flavicante submarginali, angulo anali rubro-fulvo; subtus 
anticarum apicibus et posticarum nebuloso-griseis, lineis indistinctis notatis. 
Hab. Panama, Calobre (Arcé), Lion Hill (f*Leannan).-—Sovtn America, from 
Colombia to Brazil °. 
Of this widely spread species we have as yet only seen two female specimens captured 
within our border; but it is possibly this species to which Boisduval refers (Lép. Guat. 
p- 41) under the name Lpicalia antinoe, the females of the two insects being very 
similar in their markings. The male, however, of E. acontius, besides wanting the 
apical tawny spot in the primaries, has the peculiar tuft of hairs on the underside of the 
primaries so well described by F. Miiller®. Though rare in Panama, it is common, 
according to Mr. Bates”, in the Amazons region and in Guiana. We have also a good 
supply of specimens from Colombia, just beyond our border. 
6. Costa of secondaries normal; no pencil of hairs on primaries. 
a’. Sexes widely different in colour, wings not green beneath. 
2. Epicalia esite. 
Epicala esite, R. Feld. Verh. k. k. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien. 1859, p. 472!. 
Alis nigris, anticis macula rotunda super ramos medianos sed cellulam haud intrante, altera elliptica ad apicem, 
fulvis; posticis macula magna discali ejusdem coloris, angulo apicali et serie punctorum submarginalium 
BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Rhopal., Vol. 1., March 1883. 21 
