EPICALIA. 243 
valleys, San Geronimo (F. D. G. & O. S.), Teleman, San Juan, Cubilguitz, Coatepeque, 
Zapote, El Tumbador (Champion), Polochic valley (Hague); Honpuras4; Nicaragua, 
Chontales (Janson); Costa Rica (Van Patten); Panama, Chiriqui (Champion), Calobre 
(Arcé).—CotomBia>; VeNuzvEta!; Ecvapor!. 
This is the commonest species of the genus in Central America, being found from 
Southern Mexico through our region to the north-western portion of South America. 
Specimens from all parts of this wide area are remarkably uniform in their markings, 
and show no differences worthy of note. The South-American ally of E. nyctimus is 
EL. salacia, Hew., a species of the upper portion of the Amazons valley; to this insect 
we erroneously ascribed Mr. Simons’s specimens from Northern Colombia®. 
Mr. Champion has recently sent us paired specimens of this species, satisfactorily 
proving that, different as the sexes are in colour, they belong to one insect. 
£. nyctimus is a lowland species, not ranging above 3000 feet in Guatemala. 
4. Epicalia chromis. (Tab. XXIV a. figg. 1, 2.) 
Myscelia chromis, Doubl. & Hew. Gen. Diurn. Lep. t. 27. f. 1. 
Epicalia pierretiu, Butl. & Druce, P. Z. 8S. 1874, p. 8472. 
Alis supra brunneo-nigris, fascia lata communi fulva a ramo anticarum discocellulari inferiore ad medium 
marginis posticarum interni; anticis macula ejusdem coloris elliptica ad angulum apicalem; subtus 
anticis ochraceis, costa late cum margine externo conjuncta nigris, maculis duabus in costa aliisque quatuor 
submarginalibus albidis; posticis ad basin ochraceis lineis tribus nigris transfasciatis, a cellule fine ad 
marginem externum sericeo-rufo-fuscis litura indistincta ochracea in medio notatis. 
Femina alis fusco-nigris, anticis vitta discali et maculis duodecim flavis notatis, posticis fascia per cellulam 
(anticas intrante) flava, fascia altera maculosa margini externo parallela et linea submarginali quoque 
flavis notatis; subtus, anticarum apicibus et posticarum ad basin albidis, his extus sicut in mare sed serie 
ocellorum in medio quoquc notatis. 
Hab. Honpuras (Doubleday & Hewitson*); Costa Rica (Van Patten), Rio Sucio, 
Trazu (Rogers) ; PAnama.—CoLoMBIA. 
This species is so nearly related to E. pierettii that when males alone are compared 
no tangible difference can be traced. The females, however, present the following 
slight characters, which serve to distinguish the two species:—The spots on the 
primaries are all yellow; the innermost transverse yellow band of the secondaries is 
narrower in £. chromis; and in the apex of the primaries is a tawny-red spot not visible 
in the allied form. 
When Doubleday named this species the relationship of the sexes in Epicalia were 
not understood, and LE. chromis was placed in the genus Wyscelia, the male of the allied 
E. pierettii appearing in its proper genus Hpicalia. We now have both sexes of each 
of these species, and can thus trace their true affinity. An ailied species is £. salambria, 
Feld., the male of which differs on the underside of the wings. 
. chromis is not a common butterfly, being found at a considerable elevation in the 
forest-clad mountains of Costa Rica and Panama. We have a single female specimen 
21 2 
ond 
