-PROTOGONIUS. 357 
‘band in the primaries and also the other spots are of a pure white instead of cream 
colour *. 
Mr. Belt met with H. clytemnestra in Nicaragua, and this appears to be its extreme 
northern range, whence to Brazil it is not uncommon. Mr. Bates found it generally 
distributed throughout the Amazons valley, flying near the borders of the forest and 
settling on projecting branches of trees. 
PROTOGONIUS. 
Protogonius, Hiibner, Verz. bek. Schm. p. 100 (1816) ; Westw. Gen. Diurn. Lep. p. 313. 
This is another genus closely allied to Ana, and, considering the variation in 
structure found within it, Protogonius as well as Hypna might be also included. 
There are, however, characters in the coloration, as well as in the shape of the primaries, 
‘which seem to justify its retention as a separate group. 
The median nervure of the primaries is prolonged, and carries a long projection on 
the outer margin. Two subcostal branches are emitted before the end of the cell, and 
both join the costal. The third branch splits, and one branch joins the costal and the 
other proceeds to the margin. There are three slips between the costal and the costa. 
The upper and middle discocellulars are both moderately long, and in this respect 
Protogonius differs from Hypna. There are no special characters in the front legs of 
the male, the palpi, or the male sexual organs to distinguish this genus from Hypna 
or, indeed, from Anea electra. 
As in Hypna Mr. Butler has separated a number of species of Protogonius, including 
no less than fifteen in his two papers on the subject. ‘The value of several of these is 
open to question, especially those which occur in the Amazons valley, where specific 
limits often cannot be traced with precision. Within our limits two closely allied 
species occur, one of which ranges from Mexico to Costa Rica; the other takes its 
place in the State of Panama and passes into the southern continent. 
1. Protogonius cecrops. 
Protogonius cecrops, Doubl. & Hew. Gen. Diurn. Lep. p. 314, t. 49. f. 2°; Butl. P.Z.S. 1878, 
p- 773°; Butl. & Druce, P. Z. 8. 1874, p. 341 °. 
Alis anticis hamatis margine externo medialiter multo producto, fusco-nigris ; coste dimidio proximo et fascia 
arcuata a basi ad angulum analem fulvis; fascia altera obliqua, ultra cellulam valde irregulari, macula 
submarginali inter venam medianam et ramum suum secundum et altera apicali flavis; posticis spatulatis et 
* Hypna forbesi, sp. n. 
H. clytemnestre affinis, sed multo minor, alis ad basin grisescentioribus, fascia anticarum angustiore ad angulum 
analem minus extensa et pure alba nec flavida, differt; anticis paullo hamatis. 
Hab. Brazit, Quipapa, in the Province of Pernambuco (W. A. Forbes). 
Mus. nostr. 
