1917] Fernald,— Elatine in eastern North America 13 
unusually expanded red petals); muddy shore of pond, out of water 
for some time, Huntington, August 16, 1899, E. H. Eames. NEw 
Jersey: along Crosswicks Creek, Bordentown, Burlington Co., 
July 15, 1916, Long, nos. 6049, 6062; shores of Delaware River, 
Camden, September, 1877, Martindale; tidal mud of Delaware River, 
Camden, October 7, 1877, C. F. Parker; shores of Delaware near 
Cooper’s Point, September 15, 1858, W. W. Wister. PENNSYLVANIA: 
banks of Delaware, Andelusia, August, 1866, Martindale; mud island 
in Delaware near Andelusia, August, 1898, C. S. Williamson; in tidal 
mud of Delaware, Richmond, Philadelphia, October 11, 1868, E. D.; 
tidal mud about the mouth of the Schuylkill and Tinicum, Delaware 
County, August 2, 1865, C. E. Smith. Drtaware: Brandywine 
Creek by the Rolling Mill and Railroad Bridge, Wilmington, 1863, 
Canby; muddy banks of Brandywine Creek, Wilmington, July 16, 
1865, A. Commons; tidal muddy banks of Brandywine between the 
high and low water marks, Wilmington, October 18, 1873, A. Commons; 
Noxontown Pond near Middletown, Newcastle County, August 16, 
1908, E. B. Bartram; shore, two miles southeast of Middletown, 
August 16, 1908, VanPelt & Long. 
B. Leaves linear to linear-spatulate, truncate or emarginate at tip. 
E. rrranpra Schkuhr, Bot. Handb. i. 345, t. 109b, fig. 2 (1791). — 
Less matted; the ascending branches up to 2 dm. long: leaves 0.4- 
1.2 dm. long, 1-2 mm. broad.— Eurasia; lakes and ponds of Maine 
and the Rocky Mountain region, little known in America. The only 
eastern material seen is from MAINE: bottom of little pond in the 
‘Park, Skowhegan, October 15, 1914, October 28, 1916, Louise i. 
Coburn. 
A. Seeds thick-cylindric or barrel-shaped, mostly straight, 220-280 u 
thick, with distinct longitudinal ribs and 15-18 obtuse cross-ribs: 
flowers 2-merous. 
E. mintma (Nutt.) Fisch. & Meyer, Linnaea, x. 73 (1836). Crypta 
minima Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. i. 117, t. 6, fig. 1 (1817). E. Clin- 
toniana Peck, Rep. Reg. Univ. N. Y. xxii. 52 (1869).— Creeping, 
forming small mats rarely 1 dm. broad; the erect or strongly ascend- 
ing branchlets 0.2-5 cm. high: leaves cuneate-obovate to oblong, 
sessile or obscurely petioled, rounded at summit, 0.7-5 mm. long, 
0.3-3 mm. broad: sepals 2: petals 2: stamens 2.—On sandy, peaty 
or more rarely muddy shores and in shallow waters, Newfoundland to 
Virginia and Minnesota. NEwFouNDLAND: shallow water, sandy 
margin of pond, Whitbourne, August 8, 1911, Fernald & Wiegand, 
no. 5853; clay bottoms, small ponds among the hills back of Birchy 
Cove (Curling), August 11, 1910, Fernald & Wiegand, no. 3710. 
Maine: submersed at sandy margin of Pennamaquan River, Pem- 
broke, August 18, 1909, Fernald, no. 1875; border of Mill Pond, 
Somesville, July 28, 1892, E. L. Rand, September 20, 1892, F ernald; 
