62 Rhodora [APRIL 
calyx 2.5-4 mm. long, with oblong segments; the filaments 0.7-1.2 em. 
long, and the anthers 2-2.4 mm. long. The European plant fruits 
freely, the fruits protruding from the leaf-axils, many of the European 
specimens showing perfectly mature fruit in late June, July and August, 
while some of the staminate flowers are still in anthesis; but little of 
the American material, collected even as late as August and Septem- 
ber, shows any trace of mature fruit. Such mature achenes as have 
been found in the American material show, however, that, whereas 
the European L. uniflora has the thick-oblong pale-brown achene 
coarsely rugose, the North American plant has the more slender 
blackish achene nearly smooth or at most barely rugulose. The 
North American plant is, therefore, distinct from the European in many 
of its most important characters and it is here proposed as 
LiTToRELLA americana, n: sp., L. wniflorae habitu floribusque 
simile; rhizomate radicibusque filiformibus; foliis planiusculis fal- 
cato-arcuatis vel rectis 1.5-5 cm. longis basi scariosa angusta; pedun- 
culis florum masculorum 0.7-2 cm. longis nudis vel 1-bracteatis, 
bractea plerumque supra medium; calycibus 2.5-4 mm. longis, seg- 
mentis oblongis; filamentis 7-12 mm. longis; antheris 2-2.4 mm. 
longis; acheniis anguste oblongis 2 mm. longis 0.6 mm. crassis nigres- 
centibus sublaevibus vel rugulosis. 
Similar in habit and flowers to L. uniflora: rhizome and roots fili- 
form: leaves flattish, falcate-arcuate or straightish, 1.5-5 cm. long; 
the scarious base narrow: peduncles of staminate flowers 0.7-2 cm. 
long, naked or 1-bracteate; the bract usually above the middle: 
calyx 2.44 mm. long; the segments oblong: filaments 7-12 mm. 
long: anthers 2—4 mm. long: achenes narrowly oblong, 2 mm. long, 
0.6 mm. thick, blackish, smoothish or rugulose.— Sandy or muddy 
shores of lakes, ponds and quiet streams, Newfoundland and Nova 
Scotia to Minnesota. NEWFOUNDLAND: muddy banks of Exploits 
River near the mouth of Badger Brook, August 13, 1894, Robinson & 
Schrenk, no. 1; sandy and gravelly shores of ponds, Whitbourne, 
August 8, 1911, Fernald & Wiegand, no. 6219. Nova Scotia: Grand 
Lake, July 15, 1879, Elizabeth G. Knight. Marne: Chemo Pond, 
Bradley, September, 1891, F. P. Briggs. Vermont: shore of Lake 
Champlain, Alburgh, September 2, 1879, C. G. Pringle; abundant, 
but local, at Spectacle Pond, Wallingford, July 7 and September 4, 
1898, W. W. Eggleston & E. C. Kent (TYPE in Gray Herb.); July 11, 
1899, Eggleston; Notch Pond, Ferdinand, August 2-12, 1899, Eggles- 
ton, no. 1539. ONTARIO: Ship Island in Gull Lake, Victoria Co., 
\ July 29, 1868, J. Macoun. Minnesota: Basswood Lake, July 28, 
1886, L. H. Bailey, no. 437. 
Gray HERBARIUM. 
