72 Rhodora [APRIL 
times. Michaux’s name G. polycephalum was based on G. obtusifolium 
after the exclusion of this same reference (“ Oss. G. obtusifolium, Linn., 
omisso synonymo DILLENII, qui plantam cultura mutatam tradidit”). 
This doubtful element of the Linnaean species, however, can not be 
considered of sufficient importance to outweigh the fact that all the 
other constituents are identical with G. polycephalum, even though the 
Linnaean name was taken from Dillenius’s specific name (“ Elichrysum 
obtusifolium, capitulis argenteis conglobatis”). Such a borrowing of 
names, often practiced by Linnaeus, cannot logically be regarded as 
determining the types of the Linnaean species in the same way as in 
the case of “name-bringing synonyms” in modern binomialism. 
The plant described by Britton as Gnaphalium Helleri (Bull. Torr. 
Club xx. 280 (1893)) seems better treated as a variety, as it was by 
Torrey & Gray (G. polycephalum B.) and by Fernald (G. polycephalum 
var. Helleri (Britton) Fernald, Ruopora x. 94 (1908)). If the wool 
of a specimen of G. obtusifolium be removed, stipitate glands precisely 
similar in shape and position to those of the variety are found. It 
seems fairly certain, then, that the latter represents only a form of the 
type which lacks the tomentum. It should be called GNAPHALIUM 
OBTUSIFOLIUM L. var. Helleri (Britton). 
The changes in nomenclature here proposed may for convenience 
be summarized in systematic order as follows. The numbers in 
parentheses are those under which the species will be found in the 
preceding discussion. 
(1) ELEOCHARIS CAPITATA (L.) R. Br.— E. tenuis (Willd.) Schultes. 
(1) E. cargara (Rottb.) Blake — E. capitata of auth. 
(1) E. carrpaka (Rottb.) Blake var. pispar (E. J. Hill) Blake — 
E. capitata var. dispar (E. J. Hill) Fernald. 
(2) FIMBRISTYLIS AUTUMNALIS (L.) R. & S.— F. Frankii Steud. 
(2) F. aurumnauis (L.) R. & S. forma Bracuyactis (Fernald) 
Blake — F. Frankii Steud. var. brachyactis Fernald. 
(2) F. MUCRONULATA (Michx.) Blake — F. autumnalis of auth. 
(3) RYNCHOSPORA CAPITELLATA (Michx.) Vahl — R. glomerata of 
auth. For varieties, see discussion. 
(3) R. GLOMERATA (L.) Vahl — R. glomerata var. paniculata (Gray) 
Chapm. 
(4) Dioscorga viLLosa L.— D. paniculata Michx. 
(4) D. virosa L. var. GLABRIFOLIA (Bartlett) Blake — D. paniculata 
Michx. var. glabrifolia Bartlett. 
