58 Rhodora [Marcu 
in the river deposits or alluvial lands "; but in such valleys as that of 
the Saco, a river draining the granitic eastern White Mountains 
and consequently with alluvium deficient in lime, Thuja is apparently 
unknown. 
In New Hampshire Thuja is abundant in the region north and 
northwest of the White Mountains and along the Connecticut Valley 
south to Hanover;! and it is “Common in northern and central 
Vermont, and as far south as Woodstock and Hartland in eastern 
Vermont, up to 1,000 feet altitude." ? An examination of Hitch- 
cock’s Agricultural Map of New Hampshire? (the map overlapping 
into Maine and Vermont), shows that two-thirds of the region north 
and northwest of the White Mountains is indicated as. having cal- 
careous soil, partly derived from limestones, partly from calcareous 
slates and schists; and this calcareous area, which extends west to the 
granitic Green Mountains, follows south beyond Hanover, and on 
the Vermont side includes Woodstock and Hartland. At Hanover 
and at the southwestern border of Hartland and the southeastern 
border of Woodstock the limestone is shown as meeting regions of 
gneissic or granitic rock, although after skirting around these granitic 
masses the calcareous rocks continue southward along the Connecti- 
cut. In this calcareous area of northwestern New Hampshire and 
northeastern Vermont the primitive Arbor Vitae or White Cedar 
emulated the forests of northern Maine, northern New Brunswick 
and Gaspé, for in Dr. Kennedy’s Flora of Willoughby, Vermont, we find 
the statement, that “Some stumps of old growth cedars, more than 
three feet in diameter, still remain." ^^ 
In Massachusetts Thuja occidentalis is confined to the calcareous 
upper Connecticut Valley and to the Stockbridge limestone region of 
Berkshire County.* 
In Connecticut it is indigenous only in the limestone region of 
northern Litchfield county: “Canaan, on a limestone ridge and in a 
near-by swamp (C. K. Averill), Salisbury, rocky hillside and at another 
Jocality in a deep swamp (Mrs. C. S. Phelps)." 
In southern New York Thuja occidentalis was formerly known on 
! Dame & Brooks, Handb. Trees of New Eng. 23 (1902). 
? Burns & Otis, Trees of Vt. 51 (1916). 
3 C. H. Hitchcock, Geol. of N. H. i. 548 and map opposite (1874). 
4 Kennedy, Ruopora, vi. 103 (1904). 
5 See Dame & Brooks, l. c. 
tGraves, Eames, and others, Cat. Fl. Pl. and Ferns Ct. 38 (1910) 
