64 Rhodora [APRIL 
A. Gershoy, no. 661; Bennett, 1917, A. Gershoy, no. 659. DELAWARE: 
near Delaware City, 1916, I. Tidestrom, no. 7903. DISTRICT OF 
CoLuMBIA: Washington and vicinity, 1898, E. S. Steele. Sours 
CAROLINA: Santee Canal, Ravenel. 
This is the commonest species in low ground along the Coastal 
Plain. Albino forms are occasionally found. The glandular pubes- 
cence apparently gives the plant a characteristic strong odor not 
present in the other species, but this observation needs verification. 
The stem is occasionally hollow. The variation in number of florets 
among the specimens studied was as follows: 4 with 5 florets, 17 
with 6 florets, 13 with 7 florets, 10 with 8 florets, 11 with 9 florets, 
5 with 10 florets, 2 with 11 florets, and 1 with 12 florets. The num- 
ber of leaves in the whorl fluctuated in the following proportion: 
4 with 2 leaves (small plants), 27 with 3 leaves, 28 with 4 leaves, 
and 1 with 5 leaves. 
2. E. MACULATUM L. Amoen. Acad. iv. 288 (1759) as to original 
description and specimen in the Linnaean Herbarium, but not as 
to citations. ŒE. Bruneri A. Gray, Synopt. Fl. i. pt. 2, 96 (1884). 
E. atromontanum A. Nelson, Bot. Gaz. xxxi. 400 (1901). E. Rydbergii 
Britton, Manual 921 (1901). E. purpureum var. Bruneri Robinson, 
Proc. Amer. Acad. xlii. 44 (1906) for the more hairy western plants.— 
Stem green and finely purple-speckled, more often the spots obscured 
by a deep purple suffusion, not glaucous, puberulent above, not 
darker at the nodes, very exceptionally hollow: leaves most com- 
monly in 4's or 5's, rarely in 3's or 6's, elliptic-ovate or elliptic-lanceo- 
late, tapering at base and apex, short petioled or nearly sessile, sharply 
and often irregularly incurved-serrate varying to more finely crenate- 
serrate, pinnately veined, rugose, above glabrous or slightly scabrous, 
beneath atomiferous and from nearly glabrous to canescent with 
minute crisp scabrous hairs on the veins or more commonly on both 
veins and parenchyma: inflorescence or its parts flat-topped, dense: 
heads broadly oblong, 9-15 (rarely 8 or 20)-flowered, usually deep 
purple: bracts of the involucre broad, obtuse: corollas 5 mm. long, 
their tips usually but slightly or not at all exserted beyond the in- 
volucre: achenes 3.4-4.2 mm. long.—Open grounds and the borders 
of thickets, along streams and in wet sedgy meadows, in rich often 
mucky scarcely sandy soils, generally in calcareous regions: New- 
foundland and Quebec to northern New England, western Massa- 
chusetts, western Connecticut, and Lancaster County, Pennsylvania; 
westward through Michigan, Illinois, Colorado, Utah, and Sas- 
katchewan to New Mexico and British Columbia. NEWFOUNDLAND: 
Salmonier River, 1894, Robinson & Schrenk, no. 40. QUEBEC: 
Grindstone Island, Magdalen Islands, 1912, Fernald, Long & St. 
John, no. 8093; vicinity of Cap a L'Aigle, 1905, John Macoun, no. 
