1926j Holm,—Antennaria alpina and A. carpathica 141 
cauline leaves, and in the long-peduncled lower head of the two-head- 
ed inflorescence. 
These are, so far as I know, the described varieties of A. alpina, but 
it has also been stated by several authors abroad that the species var- 
ies with reference to the development or absence of stolons, etc. Por- 
sild (l. c. p. 269) for instance summarizes the variations in the Green- 
land plant as follows: *Shoot-formation; the procumbent runnerlike 
shoots are more or less developed, or sometimes quite missing. Hair- 
iness; sometimes the leaves are closely white-felted on their lower sur- 
faces only (4. alpina a, in Lange, Flora Danica) and at other times 
on both surfaces (8 canescens Lge.); or the felt can be more loose and 
tufted. Besides this, the seasons can influence the hairiness, the 
earliest shoots in spring often being more densely felted than those 
developed later. The inflorescence; the number and size of the heads 
(capitula). "The colour of the involucre is generally dark olive-brown- 
ish, but sometimes it can be more reddish. I have however never seen 
such light reddish-brown colours as are apparently common in Scan- 
dinavian specimens." By this same author an interesting series of 
figures is given, which show the variation in outline of the leaves, and 
also of the involucre, as observed by him in the species of the genus, 
represented in Greenland. The comparative method followed by 
Porsild is highly to be recommended, and would undoubtedly, if ad- 
opted by American authors, prove very successful in reducing the al- 
most untold number of species described recently. 
According to Fernald the var. canescens replaces in Eastern Amer- 
ica the typical green-leaved plant, and such specimens are recorded 
from Labrador; as stated above this same variety is represented in 
Colorado, where I found it on James's Peak, Mt. Massive, Mt. Kelso, 
Long's Peak, headwaters of Clear Creek, etc.; but I have also seen 
specimens from Wyoming: Teton Mts., from Central Montana: 
Little Belt Mts., from Oregon: Crater Lake, etc., most of these hav- 
ing been labelled A. mucronata E. Nelson. In establishing this spe- 
cies Mr. Nelson! compares it with A. wmbrinella Rydbg.; a compar- 
ison, however, with A. alpina might have proved these to be identical. 
Now with respect to Antennaria carpathica (Wahlenb.) R. Br., 
this also has met the same fate as A. alpina. When establishing the 
species A. lanata Greene (l. c. p. 289) states, that in A. carpathica 
* the leaves are green and glabrate above." By Hooker (Flora Bor. 
1Nelson, Elias: The Wyoming species of Antennaria (Bot. Gaz. March 1899). 
