1921] Wiegand, — Echinochloa in North America 59 



superiore echinato item in nervo medio. — Native in low, rich ground 

 along river banks and in other open grassy places, often in clay; 

 Maine, Rhode Island and Connecticut westward through Ontario, 

 New York, Wisconsin and Illinois to South Dakota, Wyoming, 

 Texas, Arizona, northern Mexico and the West Indies. Some speci- 

 mens examined were as follows: Maine: Woolwich, 1916, Fernald 

 & Long, no. 12,566. Vermont: Manchester, 1903, W. II. Blanch- 

 ard, no. 22. Massachusetts: Boston, 1916, F. S. Collins, no. 

 3,717. Connecticut: Pomfret, 1916, C. A. Weatherby, no. 4,034. 

 New York: Oneida, 1906, //. D. House, no. 2,776; Cayuga Lake 

 Basin, Dean & Eames, no. 3,489, E. L. Palmer, no. 97 (type in Gray 

 Herb.), Wiegand, no. 11,268, Eames, Randolph & Wiegand, nos. 

 11,261, 11,265, 11,267 & 11,268, F. P. Mctcalf, no. 5,570. Ontario: 

 Gait, 1908, W. Herriot. Illinois: Waukegan, 1906, Glcason & 

 Shobe, no. 320. Michigan: Alma, 1895, C. A. Davis. Wisconsin: 

 Milwaukee, J. A. Lapham. Minnesota: Ft. Snelling, 1891, E. A. 

 Mearns, no. 39. South Dakota: Huron, 1897, D. Griffiths, no. 

 773. Utah: Murray, 1916, F. T. Hubbard, no. 21. Coiorado: 

 Dry Creek, Larimer County, 1900, A. Nelson, no. 8,207; Denver, 

 1891, E. L. Hughes, no. 38. New Mexico: near Pecos, 1908, P. C. 

 Standley, no. 5,016. Arizona: Wilgus Ranch, Chiricahua Moun- 

 tains, 1907, J. C. Blumer, no. 1,782; Ft. Verde, 1891, D. T. Mac- 

 Dougal, no. 614. Mexico: between Colonia Garcia and Pratt's 

 Ranch below Pacheco, Chihuahua, 1899, E. W. Nelson, no. 6,244. 

 West Indies: St. Thomas, Eggers. 



Var. multiflora var. nov., paniculis amplissimis, in statu elato 

 ad 35 cm. longis elliptico-ovoideis sublaxis, spiculis 3-3.5 mm. longis, 

 1.5 mm. latis acuminatissimis copiose submuricato-hispidis, spinulis 

 subtenuibus longitudine mediocribus, gluma superiore nervo medio 

 rare et brevissime spinulato, lemmate coriaceo acuminatissimo. — 

 Oklahoma and Kansas to northern Mexico. Oklahoma: Lincoln 

 County, 1895, J. W. Blankenship (type in Gray Herb.). Kansas: 

 Solomon River, 1894, C. L. Shear, no. 169; Riley County, 1896, 

 J. B. Norton, no. 884a. Texas: western Texas to El Paso, 1849, 

 C. Wright, no. 796. New Mexico: 1852, C. Wright, no. 2,089. 

 Mexico: Chihuahua State, 1885, E. Palmer, no. 18, not typical; 

 Santiago Papasquiaro, Durango, 1896, E. Palmer, no. 466. 



In the first copy of this manuscript, E. muricata and the varieties 

 ludoviciana, occidentalis, microstachya and multiflora were all treated 

 as separate species. In reality, however, the differentiating char- 

 acters were mainly those of general appearance. Moreover, though 

 sufficiently distinct locally, the material from other regions gener- 

 ally intergraded between the various proposed species. Thus, while 

 the eastern var. microstachya was distinct from var. occidentalis and 

 from typical E. muricata, the western var. microstachya tended to 



