1921] Fernald, — Scutellaria epilobiifolia 85 



PLATE 129. 



Spiranthes gracilis (Bigel.) Beck 



2. General habit, natural size. 



Flower X6. One lateral sepal removed. 



Labellum X6. Spread out to exhibit outline. 



Column Xll. 



Petal Xll. 



Upper sepal Xll. 



Labellum and column in natural position Xll. 



Section through perianth, column and ovary XS. 



Lateral sepal X8. 



Pollen tetrad highly magnified. 



Pollinia, from below (at left), from above (at right). 



Seed, highly magnified. 



Bussey Institution of Applied Biology, 



Harvard University. 



Figs 



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13. 



SCUTELLARIA EPILOBIIFOLIA. 



M. L. Fernald. 



The common skullcap of gravelly shores from Newfoundland to 

 British Columbia, south into the northern states, which has always 

 passed as Scutellaria galcriculata L., has the showy corolla 1.5-2.5 

 cm. long, with whitish or pale tube and threat, the galea and lips 

 deep violet-blue. As contrasted with our plant true S. galcriculata 

 of Europe has the corolla at most about 1.5 cm. long and of a nearly 

 uniform paler bluish color (at least as indicated by colored plates 

 and descriptions). The European plant, too, is less pubescent or even 

 glabrous and its leaves not so regularly cordate at base as in the 

 American. In 1832 Arthur Hamilton distinguished the American 

 plant as S. cpilobiifoliaS but his species has been very generally 

 reduced to the Old World S. galcriculata. When, however, the fully 

 mature nutlets of the two plants are examined they show such stri- 

 king differences that it becomes apparent that Hamilton's species 

 should be recognized. In S. galcriculata, the European plant, the 

 nutlets are 1.2-1.3 mm. broad and finely and rather sharply muri- 

 culate; in the American plant, S. epilobiifolia, they are 1.5-2 mm. 

 broad and coarsely pebbled or almost warty. This difference in 

 the nutlets seems to be constant in all the mature specimens examined 

 and no S. galericvlata has been detected in the large mass of American 

 specimens. Our plant is, then, 



i A. Hamilton, Esquisse d'une Monographic du Genre Scutellaria, 32 (1832). 



