1921] Fernald, — Expedition to Nova Scotia 97 



southern sedge which they had been finding common in swales, and 

 which we afterward saw everywhere we went in the Avalonian form- 

 ation but nowhere else, is the characteristic plant of swamps of 

 southern New England, Carex bullata, var. Greener, found from 

 Georgia north to York County, Maine, but like C. Howei and Sisyrin- 

 ckium atlanticum not previously known to occur in Canada. 



On July 7 we started explorations a little more remote from Yar- 

 mouth; Bissell, Pease and Linder going to the local summer resort, 

 Lake Annis, where Ilex glabra and Smilax rotundifolia had been re- 

 ported, and from there walking north a few miles to Hectanooga 

 station; Long and I going to Meteghan station to explore an exten- 

 sive spruce and larch bog, the "caribou barren," which we had noted 

 from the train. On the way north, as we closely watched the country 

 from the car-windows, we were puzzled to understand how the Smilax 

 and the Ilex could be found in this region of spruce, fir and larch 

 forest and cold boggy barrens and as this impression grew upon us 

 we did not hesitate to express great scepticism, for it seemed so ob- 

 vious that, if Smilax, Ilex glabra and Schizaca really did occur in this 

 Canadian and Hudsonian region, they must lurk in some very local- 

 ized pockets not visible from the train. 



The Lake Annis party failed to locate either of the specialties and 

 brought back a very characteristic lot of plants of ordinary spruce 

 woods and bogs, with the first Dwarf Mistletoe, Arceuthobium pus- 

 illum, of the season, although later the " arceuthobiate " spruces 

 were regularly seen and as the season advanced we secured beautiful 

 material of the parasite which made these first specimens seem 

 hardly worth preserving. They also had Senecio Robbinsii, which we 

 had seen abundantly from the train, this beautiful species apparently 

 everywhere replacing S. aureus in the extensive silicious region. 

 They had the southern High-bush Blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum, 

 in perplexing variety; Pyrola rotundifolia, var. arenaria Mert. & 

 Koch, which we had known from Newfoundland 1 but not farther 

 south, although we continued through the summer to find it, always 

 rather scarce, on sandy barrens as far east as Middleton, Annapolis 

 County; and wonderful material of the fructiferous Equisetum lim- 

 osu7ii, forma polystachium (Brueckn.) Doell. 2 



Starting south from Meteghan station, Long and I quickly found 

 ourselves seduced into collecting Rubus, a genus which he and the 



1 See Fernald, Rhodora, xxii. 122 (1920). 



2 See Fernald & Weatherby, Rhodora, xxiiii. 77 (l92l) 



