1921] Fernald, — Expedition to Nova Scotia 259 



greenish perianth of P. seabrum; for in P. nodosum, the achene of 

 which about equals the perianth, the achene is correctly described 

 by Rouy as "petits (2 mm. sur lj-j>)" while the green-flowered P. 

 acabrwn has "achaines tres grands (3 mill, de long sur 2j 2)". In 

 other words, Persicaria major, lapathi foliis, calyce floris purpureo of 

 Tournefort and of Ray, the plant from which Linnaeus directly took 

 the specific name, lias not only the purple flowers but the small calyx 

 of P. nodosum Pers. 



Again in the splitting up of the complex P. lapatkifolium of Lin- 

 naeus the first element described under a new name was P. Perricaria 

 * tomentosum Schrank (1789) or P. seabrum Moench (1794) or P. 

 pallidum With. (179G). These all antedated by many years P. 

 nodosum Pers. (1805) and by the very sound "doctrine of residues" 

 the removal from the complex first of P. seabrum left as P. lapatki- 

 folium the plant, with small purplish flowers, the Persicaria major, 

 lapathi foliis of Tournefort and of Ray. Thus by both these prin- 

 ciples we arrive at the same conclusion, that the name P. lapathi- 

 folium belongs to P. nodosum Pers. not to P. seabrum Moench. 



P. lapathifolium, var. SALiciFouuM Sibth. Fl. Oxon. 129 (1794). 

 /\ ineanum Willd. Enum. PI. Berol. 429 (1809), not F. W. Schmidt, 

 Fl. Boem. iv. 90 (1794). Persicaria salieifolia (Sibth.) S. F. Gray, 

 Nat. Arr. Brit. PI. ii. 270 (1821). Pol. lapathifolium, var. ineanum 

 (Willd.) Koch, Syn. 617 (1837). ' Pol nodosum, 0. ineanum (Willd.) 

 Ledeb. Fl. Ross. iii. 521 (1849-51). Pol. tomentosum, var. ineanum 

 Robinson & Fernald in Gray, Man. ed. 7, 360 (1908), mostly, not P. 

 tomentosum, var. ineanum (Schmidt) Gurke, PI. Eur. ii. 121 (1897) 

 which is apparently only a minor form of P. seabrum Moench = P. 

 tomentosum (Schrank) Gurke. Pol. nodosum, forma salicifolium 

 (Sibth.) Moss, Cambr. Brit. Fl. ii. 117 (1914).— Damp sands and 

 pond-margins, frequent in Yarmouth and Shelburne Cos. 



P. scabrum Moench, Meth. 629 (1794). P. lapathifolium L. Sp. 

 PI. i. 360 (1753), in part. P. pcnnsylvanieum Huds. Fl. Angl. 148 

 (1762); Curtis Fl. Lond. i. t. 24 (1777); not L. P. Persicaria tomen- 

 tosum Schrank, Baier. Fl. i. 669 (1789). P. ineanum F. W. Schmidt, 

 Fl. Boem. iv. 90 (1794). P. pallidum With. Bot. Arr. ed. 3, ii. 381 

 (1796). P. tomentosum (Schrank) Gurke, PI. Eur. ii. 121 (1897); 

 Robinson & Fernald in Gray, Man. ed. 7, 360 (1908); not Willd. 

 P. tomentosum, var. ineanum (Schmidt) Gurke, PI. Eur. ii. 121 (1897). 

 Persicaria tomentosa (Schrank) Bicknell, Bull. Torr. Bot. CI. xxxvi. 

 453 (1909).— Damp sandy and gravelly shores where seemingly 

 indigenous, and cultivated land as a weed. 



*P. Muhlenbergii (Meisn.) Watson. Yarmouth Co.: domin- 

 ant on a wet savannah bordering Butler's (Gavelton) Lake, Gavel- 

 ton. See p. 166. 



