TRACHYOPS.—PHYLLOSTOMA. 4] 
The above synonymy shows the confusion which long prevailed as to the identity of 
this Bat. This was owing to the insufficiency of Gray’s descriptions and figures, and 
to the way in which he bandied his two nominal species from genus to genus; and it 
was first rectified by Professor Peters’s examination of his type specimens in the British 
Museum. The species has been recorded from Brazil, Bolivia, and several of the 
Central-American Republics, the most northern locality yet recorded being the Mexican 
State of Oaxaca. 
6. TRACHYOPS. 
Trachops, Gray, P. Z. 8S. 1847, p. 14. 
Trachyops, Peters, Monatsb. Ak. Berl. 1865, p. 512. 
Closely allied to the genera already described, Trachyops has the snout and chin 
studded with conical protuberances, and the under lip marked by a broad naked groove 
bordered by rows of small warts. The ears are about as long as the head ; the nose- 
leaf has an ill-defined anterior margin; and the first joint of the middle finger is 
slightly inferior to half the metacarpal bone in length. The number of lower pre- 
molars is three on each side—not two, as has been stated, owing to the second having 
been overlooked in consequence of its very small size. 
The only species now recognized varies in colour from brown to sooty-black ; and its 
forearm measures about 2°35. 
1. Trachyops cirrhosus. 
Vampyrus cirrhosus, Spix, Sim. et Vespert. Bras. p. 64, pl. xxxvi. fig. 3 (18238, descr. orig.)’. 
Trachyops fuliginosus, Gray, P. Z.S. 1847, p. 14 (descr. orig.)*. 
Tylostoma mexicana, De Saussure, Rev. et Mag. de Zool. 1860, p. 484 (descr. orig.)’. 
Trachyops cirrhosus, Peters, Monatsb. Ak. Berl. 1865, pp. 502, 581*; Dobson, Cat. Chir. Brit. Mus. 
p- 481, pl. xxv. fig. 2”. 
Hab. Mexico (De Saussure? ; Mus. Berol.).—CotomBia®; Bermupa®; Brazin°. 
By a comparison of the type specimens Professor Peters has been able to show that 
Gray's and De Saussure’s species are identical with Spix’s V. cirrhosus, of which he 
has given the first intelligible description*. The distribution of the species would 
therefore appear to extend from Brazil to Mexico, where M. De Saussure found it in 
the hot regions, and whence a specimen has been received by the Berlin Museum. 
7. PHYLLOSTOMA. 
Phyllostoma, Et. Geoffroy, Ann. du Mus. xv. p. 184 (1810) *. 
In this genus, the type of the family Phyllostomide, the ears are moderately large, 
* Cuvier and Geoffroy used the term les phyllostomes for a “ family” of Vespertilio in the ‘ Tableau Elémen- 
taire de l’Histoire Naturelle’ in 1797 (p. 105); but the above appears to be the first use of the word in 
systematic form. 
BIOL. CENT.-AMER., Mamm. Vol. 1, Nov. 1879. G 
