CARIACUS. 115 
to have been unknown to Drs. Berlandier and Dugés, and to M. de Saussure, it is not 
probable that it ranges far into Mexico. 
2. Cariacus virginianus. 
Cervus virginianus, Boddaert, Elench. Anim. i. p. 186 (1785, ex Pennant)’; Baird, Mamm. N. Am. 
p- 643°; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. Sury. ii, Mamm. p. 50°; Caton, Ant. & Deer Am. p. 100°. 
Cariacus virginianus, Brooke, P.Z.S. 1878, p. 919°. 
Cervus mexicanus, Gmelin, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 179 (1788, ex Pennant*)°; Lichtenstein, Darst. 
neu. Sdugeth. pl. xviii.’; Baird, Mamm. N. Am. p. 653°; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. Surv. ii. 
Mamm. p. 50°; de Saussure, Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1860, p. 242”; Frantzius, Arch. f. Naturg. 
xxxv. 1, p. 299"; Dugés, La Nat. i. p. 138. 
Cariacus mexicanus, Brooke, P. Z. 8. 1878, p. 919”. . 
Cervus nemoralis, Hamilton-Smith, Griffith’s An. Kingd. iv. p. 187, pl. (1827, descr. orig.)™. 
? Cervus capricornis, de Saussure, Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1860, p. 528 (descr. orig.)”. 
? Cervus (Cariacus) —?, Moore, P. Z.S. 1859, p. 51”. 
? Quauhtlamacgame, Hernandez, Rer. Med. Nov. Hisp. p. 825. 
Venado of Spanish Americans (common to the other species). 
Hab. Nortu America from Canada and British Columbia southwards*.—Mexico (v. Sack, 
Mus. Berol."), Sonora (Kennerly, U.S. Nat. Mus.°), Guanajuato (Dugés !*), Cordova, 
Orizaba (de Saussure 1°), Oaxaca, Vera Cruz (Sallé, Mus. Brit.); GuaTeMaLa 
(Godman & Salvin, Mus. Brit.) ; Honpuras (Leyland 16, Salvin'?); Nicaragua (Belé, 
Salvin 13) ; Costa Rica (Frantzius'; Carmiol, Mus. Brit.); Panama (Salvin 13),— 
Souto AMERICA to Guiana and Peru 21°, 
As already observed, I feel myself compelled to follow the example of the more recent 
American writers in rejecting the claims of the Mexican Deer to constitute a distinct 
species from Cariacus virginianus. Its only distinctive characters lie in its smaller size 
and comparatively simple antlers, and in its not presenting the seasonal change of colour 
observable in the northern animal; but in all these points there appears to be a regular 
intergradation, the Deer of Texas and the Gulf States being strictly intermediate. 
Sir Victor Brooke, although keeping the forms provisionally distinct, expresses the 
opinion that not only C. mevicanus, but also the South-American C. similis, C. savan- 
narum, and C. peruvianus will probably prove to be “nothing more than climatic 
varieties of C. virginianus, connected inseparably by every shade of intermediate forms,” 
and that they thus present another illustration of Mr. Allen’s law of the decrease in 
size of Nearctic types in their range to the southward}. Of C. mexicanus he remarks 
that “there are not more than six points, inclusive of the brow-antler, on both antlers 
* Sir Victor Brooke remarks that “the description and dimensions given by Pennant [ Hist. Quad. i, p. 110 
are reconcilable with the Cervus meaicanus of Lichtenstein; but the antlers figured by him (pl. xi. fig. 3) are 
certainly not referable to the same form. They appear rather to represent abnormal antlers of Cariacus 
macrotis” (P. Z. 8. 1878, p. 919). It seems. to me more probable that these antlers belonged to C. leucurus 
(Dougl.), which recent American zoologists consider to be a local race of C. virginianus; they much resemble 
the remarkable Nebraska head figured by Baird (Mamm. N. Am. p. 662, fig. 18). 
+ P.Z.8. 1878, p. 920. 
Q2 
