108 MOTACILLID #. 
in the State of Panama, where it is found in scanty numbers in the more open savannas, 
nowhere very extensive in this district. 
1. Anthus ludovicianus. 
Alauda ludoviciana, Gm. Syst. Nat. 1. p. 793°. 
Anthus ludovicianus, Scl. P. Z. 8. 1856, p. 293°; Scl. & Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 9°; Baird, Rev. 
Am. B. i. p. 153°; Dugés, La Natur.i. p. 140°; Baird, Brew. & Ridgw. N. Am. B.i. p. 171°; 
Lawr. Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. ii. p. 2687; Bull. U.S. Nat. Mas. no. 4, p.14°; Coues, B. N.W 
p- 40°; B. Col. Vall. i. p. 193; Merrill, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. i. p. 1221. 
Supra olivaceo-brunneus, plumis singulis medialiter obscure fuscis ; alis fuscis albido limbatis; cauda fusca, 
rectricibus duabus utrinque extimis gradatim albo terminatis, rectricis extimee pogonio externo utrinque 
fere omnino albo ; superciliis et corpore subtus sordide brunneo-albidis ; cervicis lateribus, pectore et hypo- 
chondriis fusco-nigro distincte maculatis ; rostro nigricante, mandibule basi albicante ; pedibus obscure 
corylinis. Long. tota 6, ale 3:2, caude 2°6, rostri a rictu 0-6, tarsi 0-8. (Descr. exempl. ex Duefias, 
Guatemala. Mus. nostr.) 
Hab. Whole of Norta America °° 1°, Texas 1.—Mexico, Mazatlan (Grayson™), Guana- 
juato (Dugées°), Cordova (Sallé*), valley of Mexico (le Strange), Orizaba (Sumi- 
chrast *), Tehuantepec city (Sumichrast*®); Guaremaa, Duefias (0. 8. & F. D. G.?). 
This Pipit is found at one season or another throughout the continent of North 
America, even as far as Greenland ; and stragglers have been detected in Bermuda and 
Heligoland*. It is a strictly migratory bird, passing the winter months in the southern 
part of its range, and breeding in the far north, Labrador 9, and in the highest peaks of 
the mountains of Colorado , 
In Texas Dr. Merrill describes it as very abundant from October to March !!; and in 
Mexico’ and in Guatemala it has only been observed at the same time of year. In 
the latter country it is by no means common; and we only occasionally met with birds 
of this species, in small flocks of ten or twelve individuals, from December to February 
in the open land near Duefias. Guatemala, therefore, is probably the southern limit 
of the winter range of Anthus ludovicianus. Prof. Baird, however, speaks 4 with doubt 
of its extension to Peru; but we have no evidence to confirm this statement. 
The habits and breeding of this species are fully described in works on North- 
American ornithology ° 9. 
2. Anthus rufus. 
Petite Alouette de Buenos Ayres, D’Aub. Pl. Enl. 788, £. 1), undé 
Alauda rufa, Gm. Syst. Nat. 1. p. 798°. 
Anthus rufus, Lawr. Aun. Lye. N. Y. vii. p. 822°; Baird, Rev. Am. B. i. p. 1564; Sel. Ibis, 1878, 
p. 360°. 
Anthus (Notiocorys) parvus, Lawr. Pr. Ac. Phil. 1865, p. 106°. 
Anthus parvus, Salv. P. Z. 8. 1867, p. 185%. 
Anthus chit, Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 69 (nec Spix) °. 
Anthus peruvianus, Nicholson, P. Z. 8. 1878, p. 890°? 
