SETOPHAGA. 181 
appear that ‘during the winter a contraction of the area inhabited by the species takes 
place along its northern border, rather than a shifting of ground by the whole of the 
individuals. 
Of the nest and eggs of this species nothing is yet known. 
b. Supra schistacee, aliquando olivaceo tincte ; speculum alare nullum. 
a’. Mentum et gula nigricantia. 
3. Setophaga miniata. 
Setophaga miniata, Sw. Phil. Mag. new ser. i. p. 868°; Scl. P. Z. S. 1856, p. 2927; 1858, p. 299°; 
1859, pp. 363 *, 374°; 1864, p. 173°; Baird, B. N. Am. p. 249, t. 58. £17; Rev. Am. B. 
i. p. 259°; Sumichrast, Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. i. p. 546°; Lawr. Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. 
li. p. 270"; Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 4, p. 16"; Saly. Ibis, 1878, p. 308 ”. 
Muscicapa larvata, Licht. Preis-Verz. mex. Vég. p. 2° (cf. J. £. Orn. 1863, p. 58). 
Muscicapa vulnerata, Wag). Isis, 1831, p. 529 ™. 
Setophaga vulnerata, Bp. Consp. i. p. 813%; Sel. P. Z.S. 1855, p. 65°, 
Muscicapa derhami, Giraud, Sixteen B. Tex. t. 3. f. 27, 
Setophaga castanea, Less. Rev. Zool. 1839, p. 42 ™. 
Setophaga flammea, Kaup, P. Z. 8.1851, p. 50"; Sel. & Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 12”; Baird, Rev. Am. B. 
i. p. 259”, 
Setophaga intermedia, Hartl. Rev. Zool. 1852, p. 5”. 
Supra ardesiaca; alis, uropygio et cauda nigricantibus ; fronte, loris, verticis lateribus et gula tota nigris, 
vertice ipso lete castaneo; subtus abdomine toto coccineo, subalaribus et crisso extus albis: caudex 
’ 
rectricibus tribus externis gradatim albo terminatis, rostro et pedibus nigris. Long. tota 5:4, caude 2°6, 
rostri a rictu 0-5, tarsi 0°73. (Descr. maris ex Parada, Mexico. Mus. nostr.) 
Hab. Muxico? 3 17, Sierra Madre (Grayson !), Valladolid (Bullock), Zacatecas \, 
valley of Mexico (White ®, le Strange), Jalapa’ (de Oca‘), temperate and alpine 
regions of Vera Cruz (Sumichrast®), Temascaltepec and Real Ariba (Deppe), Cinco 
Sefores®, Totontepec®, and La Parada? (Boucard), Sierra Madre near Zapotitlan 
(Sumichrast ); Guatemana !9 20, Quezaltenango, Volcan de Fuego, Duefias, Car- 
rizal, Chilasco, and Coban (0. 8. & F. D. G.). 
The Guatemalan and Mexican representatives of this bird were long considered to 
belong to distinct species, the latter bearing Swainson’s name J. miniata, the former 
one proposed by Kaup, S. flammea!. Having recently carefully examined this subject 12, 
we came to the conclusion that the differences were too slight to justify the birds being 
kept separate; sowe united them under the name S. miniata, proposed by Swainson for 
the Mexican bird in 1827, the description being taken from a specimen obtained by 
Bullock at Valladolid in the Mexican highlands!. The Guatemalan S. Jflammea 9 was 
formerly said to differ in having the breast rather more orange-red and the tail somewhat 
shorter and with less white on the outer feathers; but comparing specimens killed at 
