194 VIREONID. 
another resident form of this group of Vireos, and therefore give it a distinct name. 
At the same time it is highly desirable that more specimens should be sought for and 
examined to place the bird on a settled footing. 
8. Vireo josephe. 
Vireosylvia josephe, Scl. P. Z. 8. 1859, p. 187, t. 154°; Baird, Rev. Am. B. i. p. 344°; Lawr. Ann. 
Lyc. N. Y. ix. p. 96°; v. Frantzius, J. f. Orn. 1869, p. 295°; Baird, Brew. & Ridgw. N. Am. 
B. i. p. 860’; Tacz. P. Z. 8. 1874, p. 509°; Scl. & Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 495"; Salv. Cat. 
Strickl. Coll. p. 112°. 
Supra fuscescenti-olivaceus, pileo multo saturatiore, uropygio paulo dilutiore, alis et cauda intus nigricantibus 
extus dorso concoloribus, superciliis distinctis albis, capitis lateribus cinereis; subtus gula alba, corpore 
reliquo flavescente, subalaribus albis flavo perfusis; rostri maxilla cornea, mandibula pallida; pedibus 
plumbeis. Long. tota 4°9, ale 2°6, caude 2°05, rostri a rictu 0-7, tarsi 0°65. (Descr. maris ex Barranca, 
Costa Rica. Mus. nostr.) 
Hab. Costa Rica‘, Barranca?3, Rancho Redondo ?, Dota Mountains23 (Carmiol) ; 
Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui (Arcé).—Cotomsia?78; Ecuapor!; Perv ®. 
Fraser is the recognized discoverer of this species, as his specimens, obtained near 
Pallatanga, in Ecuador, were the types of Mr. Sclater’s description!; but an example 
from Bogota has been lying in the Strickland collection since the year 18448. We 
also possess specimens from Jima, in Ecuador, and from the vicinity of Pasto, further 
north. Skins of it may also be found in trade collections from Bogota; and it has been 
traced still further north in Colombia by Salmon, who sent specimens from the neigh- 
bourhood of Medellin, in the Cauca valley. In Central America we only know it from 
Costa Rica and the adjoining parts of the State of Panama; and from this we infer that 
the bird affects mountainous districts of moderate elevation, where it is most probably 
resident, and that it does not frequent low-lying lands near the sea-level. 
As already stated, in tracing the alliances of this species, Mr. Ridgway, in the ‘ History 
of North-American Birds,’® refers to a specimen in the National Collection at Wash- 
ington, sent from Orizaba by Prof. Sumichrast, which is quite intermediate between 
V. gilvus and the present bird. He therefore places V. josephe as a “variety” of 
V. gilvus. The two birds in their normal dress are so different that we hesitate to 
follow this course. The ranges of the two birds are separated, so far as our present 
knowledge goes, by a very wide interval; and it seems to us unlikely that a complete 
intergradation takes place between the two in any locality hitherto ornithologically 
unexplored. 
b. Corpus robustum ; rostrum breve, robustum ; pedes robustiores. (Lanivireo.) 
c. Remex spurius obsoletus, oculorum ambitus et gula flava. 
9. Vireo flavifrons. “ 
Vireo flavifrons, Vieill. Ois. Am. Sept. i. p. 85, t. 54°; Scl. P. Z. S. 1857, p. 2277; 1860, p. 251°; 
