226 HIRUNDINIDZ. 
As in Progne, the nostrils open upwards without any overhanging membrane; but 
the size and general coloration of the species is very different from that of the members 
of Progne. The feathers of the forehead are erect and bristling, instead of lying flat 
as in Progne; and the commissure of the maxilla is in a simple curve, and not 
sinuated. ‘The tarsi, except just the proximal end, are bare, and the rump rufous. 
1. Petrochelidon pyrrhonota. 
EMirundo pyrrhonota, Vieill. N. Dict. d’Hist. N. xiv. p. 519 '. 
Petrochelidon pyrrhonota, Scl. & Salv. Nomencl, Av. Neotr. p. 14°. 
Hirundo americana, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 1017 °? 
Petrochelidon americana, Cab. Mus. Hein. i. p. 47 *; Pelz. Orn. Bras. p. 17°. 
Hirundo lunifrons, Say, in Long’s Exp. ii. p. 47°; Dresser, Ibis, 1865, p. 479”. 
Petrochelidon lunifrons, Scl. Cat. Am. B. p.40*; Lawr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. vii. p. 817°; Baird, Rev. 
Am. B.i. p. 288"; Lawr. Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. ii. p. 271"; Baird, Brew. & Ridgw. N. 
Am. B. i. p. 334°; Coues, B. Col. Vall. i. p. 426™. 
Supra chalybeo-cerulea, alis et cauda nigricantibus ; plumis dorsi medii albo marginatis, fronte lactescenti-alba, 
nucha fusca, uropygio rufo; capitis lateribus cum gutture rufis, mento et plaga pectorali nigris ; corpore 
subtus reliquo albo, pectore, hypochondriis et crisso pallide fuscis ; rostro nigro, pedibus corylinis. Long. 
tota 5°3, alee 4-15, caude 1-95, rostri a rictu 0-55, tarsi 0°5. (Descr. maris ex Washington, U.S. Mus. 
nostr.) . 
Q mari omnino similis. 
Hab. NortH America generally 1%, Texas’-—Mexico (De Saussure®), Mazatlan and 
Tepic (Grayson"); Panama (M*Leannan®?), at sea, off west coast of Central 
America (J. M. Dow !°),—Brazin®; Paraguay !. 
Dr. Coues !* has given an excellent account of the early history of this bird in North 
America, tracing it from thefirst notice of the species in the paper published byJ.R. Forster 
in the ‘Philosophical Transactions’ of 1772, to the time it was named Hirundo lunifrons 
by Sayin1823. When compiling their ‘Nomenclator Avium Neotropicalium,’ Sclater and 
Salvin were unable to separate the South-American bird of this genus from that found in 
North America, and, rejecting Gmelin’s title H. americana as of too uncertain application, 
decided to adopt that of Vieillot, H. pyrrhonota, as next in date2. On reexamining the 
question, we believe this view to be sound; we therefore use the name Petrochelidon 
pyrrhonota as the common title of this North- and South-American species. It further 
seems reasonable to suppose that the southern birds are only in Brazil and Paraguay 
in the winter months, and migrate from one continent to the other according to 
the season. This supposition is borne out by the fact that the ten specimens 
obtained by Natterer in various parts of Brazil were all shot in the months 
ranging from September to March®.  Vieillot’s description was based upon that of 
Azara, who obtained a single specimen of this Swallow in Paraguay, which he bought 
in the month of April, and never met with another. 
