EUPHONIA. 265 
Euphonia fulvicrissa may be known from all its Central-American congeners except 
E. gouldi by its tawny-rufous belly and crissum. From £. gouldi again it may easily 
be recognized by its steel-blue back, that part of the allied species being brassy 
olive. The females are not so easily determined, but that of EF. fulvicrissa has more 
chestnut on the lower abdomen, the forehead is rather paler chestnut, and there is 
a slight bluish shade on the upper parts. 
ce. Pileus rufus. 
11. Kuphonia anne. 
Euphonia annee, Cassin, Pr. Ac. Phil. 1865, p- 172°; Salv. P. Z.S. 1867, p. 137°; 1870, p. 186°; 
Ibis, 1873, p. 329*; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. ix. p.98°; v. Frantz. J. f. Orn. 1869, p. 297 °. 
Euphonia rufivertex, Salv. P. Z.S. 1866, p. 71, t. 77. 
Atro-purpurascens nitens; pileo toto et fronte rufo-castaneis; loris, capitis lateribus et gula purpurascente 
nigris ; subtus lutea, subalaribus et crisso albis ; cauda nigra, rectrieibus duabus utrinque externis macula 
in pogonio interno alba; rostro et pedibus fusco-nigris. Long. tota 4:5, ale 2°5, caude 1°5, rostri a rictu 
0:5, tarsi 0°68. (Descr. maris ex Angostura, Costa Rica. Mus. nostr.) 
2 supra olivacea, nucha plumbea, pileo antico et fronte rufescente tinctis; subtus sordide cinerea, hypo- 
chondriis olivaceis. (Deser. femine ex Calovevora, Panama. Mus. nostr.) 
Hab. Costa Rica, Angostura® and Santa Rosa 1° (Carmio/), Turrialba (Arcé’); Panama, 
Veraguas (Merritt +), Santa Fé?", Santiago de Veraguas’, Calobre, Calovevora °, 
and Cordillera del Chucu ? (Arcé). 
Though the late Mr. Cassin, of Philadelphia, first described this Huphonia from Costa- 
Rican specimens belonging to the Smithsonian Institution 1, the first examples obtained 
were those of Dr. Merritt, who visited Weraguas in 1852°. Shortly after Cassin’s 
description was published ; but, in ignorance of this fact *, Salvin also named the bird 
from specimens in our collection which had been sent us by Arcé from the State of 
Panama’. We have since obtained adult examples from both countries, and, as might 
be expected, there can be no doubt of the identity of the two birds. 
The only species of Euphonia at all nearly allied to E. anne is the South-American 
E. ruficeps, a bird originally described by d’Orbigny and Lafresnaye from’ Bolivian 
examples, but since traced through the upper basin of the Amazons to Venezuela. 
From this species H. anne differs in having a white crissum instead of a tawny one; 
the head also is of a paler rufous, which extends over the whole crown instead of only 
the anterior portion. 
E. anne appears to be not uncommon in the neighbourhood of the higher moun- 
tainous parts of Costa Rica and the State of Panama, but it is absent from the low- 
lying country through which the Panama railway runs. 
Both male and female are figured in the ‘ Proceedings of the Zoological Society’ for 
1866, under the name of Luphonia rufivertex '. 
BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Aves, Vol. I., November 1883. 34 
