SALTATOR. 327 
which in some specimens, usually Mexican, is of a rich chestnut instead of white; but 
intermediate forms occur connecting the two. The colour of the bill, too, is subject 
to variation, the mandible being often yellow, and sometimes the tip of the maxilla 
as well. | 
These varieties are probably due to age and season, as they cannot be associated with 
any particular district. 
2. Saltator magnoides. 
Saltator magnoides, Lafr. Rev. Zool. 1844, p. 41°; Bp. Consp. i. p. 489°; Scl. P. Z. S. 1856 
pp- 69°, 142*, 302°; 1859, pp. 364°, 83777; 1864, p. 174°; Sel. & Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 14°; 
P.Z. 8. 1864, p. 351°; 1870, p. 836"; Cab. J. f. Orn. 1860, p. 416°; Lawr. Ann. Lye. 
N. Y. viii. p. 180”; ix. p. 102"; Salv. P. Z. 8S. 1867, p. 140”; 1870, p. 189"°; Sumi- 
chrast, Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. 1. p. 549°; v. Frantz. J. f. Orn. 1869, p. 300”. 
Saltator gigantodes, Cab. Mus. Hein. i. p. 142”. 
Saltator magnus, Lawr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. vii. p. 297”. 
Saltator intermedius, Lawr. Proc. Ac. Phil. 1864, p. 106%; Ann. Lye. N. Y. viii. p. 176”. 
Supra olivaceus; capite cinereo, pileo olivaceo intermixto, superciliis albis; subtus cinereus, gula media 
castanea undique nigro late circumcincta, crisso ferrugineo; rostro nigro, pedibus plumbeis. Long. tota 
8:0, alee 3-9, caude 3:8, rostri a rictu 0-95, tarsi 0-9. (Descr. exempl. ex Choctum, Guatemala. Mus. 
nostr.) 
Hab. Mexico !?8!9, Cordova (Sallé*), Jalapa (de Oca °), Playa Vicente (Boucard™), hot 
region of Vera Cruz (Sumichrast '"); Guaremaua (Skinner ®), Coban °, Chisec, Choc- 
tum (0. S. & F. D. G.):; Honpuras, San Pedro (G. M. Whitely™); Nicaragua, 
Greytown (Holland '*); Costa Rica (v. Frantzius'!?'8, Ellendorf '*), Turrialba 
(Carmiol *, Arcé), San José and Angostura (Carmiol *), Bebedero (Arcé), Irazu 
(Rogers); Panama, Chiriqui (Bridges+, Arcé'*), David (Hicks **), Bugaba 6, 
Chitra !6, Mina de Chorcha 1°, Calovevora 1°, Santa Fé 4 (Arcé), Lion Hill (M*Lean- 
man, 10 20 21), 
Saltator magnoides inhabits much the same range of country as S. atriceps, being 
found together with it in the hot low-lying forest-region from Southern Mexico to 
Panama, where it is perhaps even more common than the allied species. In Guatemala, 
however, it is restricted to the forests of Vera Paz, and does not appear to occur on the 
‘ Pacific side of the Cordillera, where S. atriceps is common. It keeps also to the east 
side of the isthmus until we reach Costa Rica, where it is to be met with on both sides 
of the Cordillera, and thence spreads onwards to the isthmus of Panama. Panama 
specimens were separated by Mr. Lawrence under the name of S. intermedius, as they 
seemed to him to be intermediate between S. magnoides and S. magnns of South 
America. In his paper on Arcé’s collections °, Salvin was at some pains to show that 
the characters relied on by Mr. Lawrence are not of much moment, and we have no 
reason now to go back from this verdict. 
Another synonym of this Saltator is S. gigantodes, Cab.19 Mr. Sciater examined the 
