SALTATOR. 329 
its yellowish eyebrows; it also has the back and underparts tinged with olive-yellow. 
We find birds in this dress with normally-clad adult birds throughout the range of the 
species. 
As will be seen above, Saltator grandis has a very extensive range in our region, from 
Southern Mexico to Costa Rica; but in Western Mexico S. plumbeiceps entirely 
supplants it. Its range in altitude is decidedly higher than that of either 8. atriceps 
or S. magnoides ; Sumichrast gives its limits as nearly 5000 feet in the State of Vera 
Cruz; and this agrees with our observations, as we found it abundant at Duefias in 
Guatemala, which lies at nearly this altitude. From this height it extends to the sea- 
level at Tehuantepec in Northern Yucatan and elsewhere. 
In Guatemala its range is somewhat peculiar, as it hangs to the side sloping to the 
Pacific Ocean rather than to Vera Paz; but, on the other hand, it is common in 
Northern Yucatan, and occurs also at San Pedro and Omoa, near the eastern sea-board 
of Honduras 8 9. 
Its habits are very similar to those of its congeners, 8. atriceps and S. magnoides, 
associating in small flocks in the lower brushwood bordering the forest. 
Concerning Saltator icteropygius (DuBus, Esq. Orn. t. 13; Scl. P.Z.S. 1856, p. 70), 
described as a distinct Mexican species, some difference of opinion has prevailed, Dr. 
Hartlaub agreeing with its describer as to its distinctness, whilst Lafresnaye and 
Bonaparte declared it to be a specimen of Saltator grandis supplied with a tail of a 
Ptilogonys cinereus. We have not seen the type; but, from the figure, we have no 
hesitation in coming to the conclusion that the bird was made up in the way suggested 
by Lafresnaye ! 
4, Saltator plumbeiceps. 
Saltator plumbeiceps, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. viii. p. 477+; Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. ii. p. 2742, 
S. grandi similis, sed omnino pallidior, supra pallidius griseus, subtus sordide albidus, capitis lateribus multo 
pallidioribus et litura utrinque rictali nigra multo magis distincta. 
Av, jwv. olivascens, superciliis flavidis, litura rictali fusca distinguendus. (Descr. femine et ay. juv. ex Mazatlan, 
Mexico. Mus. nostr.) 
Hab. Muxico, Mazatlan (Xantus!, Grayson?, Forrer), Presidio near Mazatlan (forrer), 
Tepic (Grayson *), plains of Colima (Xantus?), Putla (Rébouch). 
Mr, Lawrence first published a description of this species under a MS. name given to 
specimens obtained near Mazatlan by Xantus in 18631. It was subsequently found by 
Grayson in the same neighbourhood ?, by Xantus himself further south in the plains of 
Colima ?, by Rébouch near Putla, and lastly in some numbers by Mr. Alphonse Forrer 
again near Mazatlan. 
Grayson says? that it inhabits the forests and breeds in the spring months, during 
which time it is in fine song. He adds that it does not migrate, and is a common 
species in the vicinity of Mazatlan, Tepic, and San Blas. The nest he describes as 
BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Aves, Vol. I., December 1884. 49 
