CARDINALIS. 341 
2. Cardinalis igneus. 
Cardinalis igneus, Baird, Pr. Ac. Phil. 1859, p. 305°. 
Cardinalis virginianus, var. igneus, Baird, Brew., & Ridgw. N. Am. B. ii. p. 997; Lawr. Mem. Bost. 
Soc. N. H. ii. p. 275°; Belding, Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. vi. p. 3434. 
Cardinalis virginianus, Finsch, Abh. nat. Ver. z. Bremen, 1870, p. 389°; Grayson, Pr. Bost. Soc. 
N. H. xiv. p. 281°. 
C. virginiano persimilis, fronte in mare minime nigra, colore nigro gule et faciei in femina omnino absente (?) 
forsan distinguendus. 
Hab. Norta America, Cape San Lucas!, Arizona !2.—Mexico, Guaymas (Belding *), 
Mazatlan *°, Tres Marias Islands ?° (Grayson, Forrer). 
We have considerable doubts if this bird can be satisfactorily distinguished from 
C. virginianus in all cases; the bill in typical birds is hardly appreciably larger, though 
the black forehead seems certainly narrower. In the birds from the Tres Marias 
Islands, however, we find the bill much more tumid, the back still greyer, and the top 
of the head and crest less conspicuously red. The specimens in our collection, however, 
exhibit one character which, if constant, would determine the validity of C. igneus. The 
females, of which we have examples from Mazatlan and the Tres Marias Islands, have 
no black on the throat, which is of a dirty whitish colour, instead of being black. 
Whether this is really a constant character of C. igneus, and found in the birds of Lower 
California as well as of the places mentioned, we have no present means of ascertaining. 
The descriptions of the female of C. igneus speak of it as only distinguishable from that 
of C. virginianus by its more swollen bill, and by the more restricted dusky colour around 
the base of the bill. From this it would appear that our female birds from Mazatlan 
and the Tres Marias Islands do not conform to those of C. igneus; and were we sure 
that the former were in their normal plumage we should be disposed to separate the 
bird of those districts from C. zgnews. But the shades of distinction between the dif- 
ferent forms of C. virginianus are so close that we hesitate to subdivide them further 
than has already been done without the evidence of more materials upon which to form 
a sounder judgment. 
Grayson says that this Cardinalis is remarkably abundant upon the Marias Islands, 
where it is a constant resident, but that it is not numerous on the mainland® Mr. 
Forrer procured us specimens from both places. 
3. Cardinalis carneus. 
Coccothraustes (Cardinalis) carneus, Less. Rev. Zool. 1842, p. 210°; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 5017. 
Cardinalis virginianus, var. carneus, Baird, Brew., & Ridgw. N. Am. B. ii. p. 99° ; Lawr. Mem. Bost. 
Soc. N. H. ii. p. 275*; Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. No. 4, p. 20’. 
Cardinalis virginianus, Salv. P. Z.S. 1883, p. 421°. 
C. virginiano quoque persimilis, sed crista coccinea valde elongata, dorso pure coccineo haud cinereo intermixto 
distinguendus. 
© nobis ignota. 
