ZONOTRICHIA. 369 
birds, mostly from Mexico, have been added to Zonotrichia, chiefly by Mr. Sclater and 
others, these have since been placed elsewhere, so that the genus now contains about ten 
species, whereof six are of northern and three of southern domicile, the latter being 
4. pileata and its two Patagonian allies; the tenth is the abnormal Z. vulcani of the 
highlands of Costa Rica, the true position of which is perhaps still to be indicated. Of 
the northern species two only are known to enter our region, though Z. querula will 
doubtless be found on the southern, as it is on the northern, side of the Rio Grande 
Valley. 
Zonotrichia seems to be essentially a Bunting, and, with several allied genera, would 
be placed in the Emberizinz by those who see their way to employing subfamilies in 
the great Family Fringillide. 
The bill of Z. lewcophrys is of moderate size, conical, the culmen nearly straight ; the 
maxilla is slightly tumid below the nostrils, and somewhat compressed towards the tip ; 
the tomia has a distinct angle; there is a membrane over the nasal fossa above the 
nostrils. The tarsus and the middle toe, with its claw, are subequal, and the lateral 
toes are subequal. The second, third, and fourth quills of the wing are equal and 
longest, and form the tip of the wing; the first equals the fifth; the secondaries reach 
to within $ inch of the longest primaries ; the tail is nearly even, and of nearly the same 
length as the wings. The plumage generally has streaks on the middle of the back ; 
the wings have two whitish bars; the under surface has no streaks; the tail has the 
lateral rectrices plain; the head has a median stripe (wanting in some southern 
species). 
1. Zonotrichia leucophrys. 
Emberiza leucophrys, Forster, Phil. Trans. lxii. pp. 403, 426*. 
Zonotrichia leucophrys, Baird, Mex. Bound. Surv. ii., Birds, p. 15°; Scl. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 174°; 
Dugés, La Nat. i. p. 140°; Baird, Brew., & Ridgw. N. Am. B. i. p. 566°; Coues, Key N. 
Am. B. ed. 2, p. 383°. 
Supra schistacea, uropygio brunnescente immaculato, dorso medio rufescente-brunneo striato ; capite summo 
nigro, vertice medio late, superciliis (ab oculis) et ciliis ipsis albis, alis et cauda brunneis, illis albo bifas- 
ciatis, subalaribus et campterio albis ; subtus grisea gula et abdomine medio albidis, crisso isabellino induto ; 
rostro et pedibus rufescentibus. Long. tota 6°75, ale 3:1, caude 3:0, rostri a rictu 0-6, tarsi 0-9. (Descr. 
exempl. ex urbe Mexico. Mus. nostr.) 
Hab. Nort America, Hudson’s Bay}, U.S. from the Atlantic to the Rocky Mountains, 
Cape St. Lucas®®—Mexico, Tamaulipas (Couch), Guanajuato (Dugés*), valley 
of Mexico (White ®). 
The White-crowned Sparrow, under which name this beautiful Finch is known in 
North America, is one of the most widely distributed species of that continent, being 
found from Greenland to Cape San Lucas, and from the Atlantic Ocean to the Rocky 
Mountains. It was first described by Forster more than a hundred years ago1, and 
received its English name from Pennant. In Mexico it probably appears only as a 
BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Aves, Vol. I., June 1886. 47 
