ZONOTRICHIA. 371 
limbatis, illis albo bifasciatis, capite nigro, vertice medio et superciliis latis cinereis, auricularibus grises- 
centibus, cervicis lateribus et nucha castaneis ; subtus gula et abdomine medio albis, pectore nigro ; rostro 
fusco, pedibus corylinis. Long. tota 52, ale 2°6, caudex 2°5, rostri a rictu 0°6, tarsi 0°8. (Descr. maris 
ex Duefias, Guatemala. Mus. nostr.) 
2 mari similis. Ay. juv. capite summo et corpore toto subtus fusco guttatis. (Descr. exempl. ex Duefias, 
Guatemala. Mus. nostr.) 
Hab. Guatemaua (Constancia 8), Guatemala city, Antiqua ®, Duefias ®, Quezaltenango 
and whole Altos of Guatemala to 7000 and 10,000 feet, Coban (0. S. & F. D. G.); 
Costa Rica (Hoffmann®, Frantzius™), San José (Carmiol), Irazu (Rogers) ; 
Panama, Volcan de Chiriqui, Chitra, Calovevora, Castillo (Arcé 12),—Souta AMERICA, 
highlands from Colombia 1* 1” and Guiana 4 to the Argentine Republic. 
Specimens of this species from all the places mentioned above agree very closely with 
one another ; the only difference we can trace between examples from Guatemala in the 
north and the Argentine Republic in the south is in the black band of the chest, which 
in northern examples is continuous, but in southern ones broken into two patches, one 
on either side of the breast. These two forms seem to be connected by gradual 
links, and are not specifically separable. 
In Patagonia a closely allied species is found in Z. canicapilla, in which the whole 
of the crown is grey, the black longitudinal stripes being absent. 
In Guatemala Z. pileata is a very common species in the highlands, and is chiefly 
seen during the rainy season from May till October. It appears in April, a little before 
that season sets in, and may be seen about the towns and plantations, the male uttering 
a short simple song of a few plaintive notes. The nest is built in a low bush, and com- 
_ posed outwardly of strong grass stems, roots, and small twigs, and lined with horse- 
hair. The eggs are of a pale bluish-green ground-colour, spotted or blotched with 
deep red. 
Dr. von Frantzius also found this bird breeding in his garden in Costa Rica at the 
commencement of the rains in April ™. 
In Peru Z. pileata is found to breed in the mountains during the months of February, 
March, April, and May!%. Durnford noticed it breeding abundantly in the neigh- 
bourhood of Buenos Ayres in October. 
During the dry season in Guatemala, from October to April, less is seen or heard of 
Z. pileata ; but it was noticed by Salvin near Quezaltenango in the months of January 
and February 1874. It would therefore appear to be a resident species in Guatemala, 
or only performing a limited migration between places not far removed. 
4. Zonotrichia vulcani. (Tab. XXVI. fig. 2.) 
Zonotrichia vulcani, Boucard, P. Z. 8. 1878, p. 57, t. 4°. 
Junco vulcani, Ridgw. Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus. i. p. 255”. 
Supra fusca, dorso medio nigro guttato, alis et cauda nigricantibus fusco limbatis; capite obscure cinereo, loris 
et oculorum ambitu nigris, subtus sordide cinerea, abdomine vix pallidiore, crisso fusco variegato ; rostro et 
47* 
