408 FRINGILLID 2. 
P. carmani was discovered by Grayson in the island of Socorro during his visit there 
in 1867, an account of which was published in the fourteenth volume of the ‘ Proceedings 
of the Boston Society of Natural History.’ He there says that this is an abundant 
species, found in all the thickets of the island; many of them took up their abode in 
his camp, picking up crumbs, and were as tame as domestic fowls; he adds that he 
found them feeding at times on small seeds of plants, but more frequently on the 
ground, scratching up dry leaves in search of insects; their notes he describes as rather 
feeble, slightly resembling those of P. erythrophthalmus of the Eastern States, a bird it 
also resembles in habits and general appearance. 
P. carmani is placed by Ridgway as a variety of P. maculatus; but it may be at 
once distinguished by its small size and other characters, all of which must be reckoned 
of more importance as regards the position of this bird as a species, seeing how com- 
pletely isolated its domicile is. | 
8. Pipilo maculatus. 
Pipilo maculatus, Sw. Phil. Mag. new ser. i. p. 434°; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 487°; Scl. P.Z.S. 1858, 
p. 304°; 1859, p. 880*; Sumichrast, Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. i. p. 552°; Scl. & Salv. 
P.Z.S. 1869, p. 861°; Lawr. Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. no. 4, p. 22”. 
Pipilo oregonus, Salv. Ibis, 1866, p. 198°; Dugés, La Nat. 1. p. 140°. 
Pipilo submaculatus, Ridgw. Auk, 1886, p. 3832 °°? 
Supra brunneus, capite toto nigricante, interscapulii plumis nigro striatis, et in pogonio externo nigro maculatis, 
tectricibus alarum et secundarilis intimis albo notatis, campterio albo; caude rectricibus utrinque tribus 
externis ad apices, et extima in pogonio externo albis; subtus abdomine medio albo, hypochondriis et 
crisso lete castaneis; rostro nigro, pedibus corylinis. Long. tota 8:0, ale 3:4, caude 4-0, rostri a rictu 0°65, 
tarsi 1-1. (Descr. maris ex Oaxaca, Mexico. Mus. nostr.) 
Hab. Mexico ?®, Guanajuato (Dugés’), Real del Monte (Bullock 1), plateau and alpine 
region of Vera Cruz ®, Cienguilla’ (Sumichrast), Parada®, Cinco Sefiores * (Boucard), 
Tezuitlan State of Puebla (Diaz 1°); GuaTEMALa, Quezaltenango, Solola, Chimal- 
tenango (0. S. & F. D. G.*). 
We have before us a specimen from Swainson’s collection marked “Pipilo maculatus, 
Sw. Syn. Mex. No. 45, Ward; ?if from Brazil or Mexico.” ‘This is evidently not the 
type of P. maculatus, which formed part of Bullock’s collection, and came from Rio del 
Monte in Mexico; but being named by Swainson himself, we are doubtless justified 
in considering it more typical than any other specimen extant. It agrees with the 
description in every respect except that we should call the upper surface brown rather 
than olivaceous brown. With this specimen we have others agreeing very closely from 
Oaxaca and from the highlands of Guatemala. Sumichrast states that Pipilo maculatus 
is common on the plateau of Mexico, and it is also found in the alpine region in smaller 
numbers, never descending below 4600 feet; he adds that it nests upon the plateau. 
In Guatemala it is acommon species in the highlands, at elevations varying from 6000 
to 9000 feet; it frequents brushwood on the edges of the plains. 
