416 FRINGILLIDA. 
name Spiza should be used instead of Euspiza, both being introduced by Bonaparte, 
and based apparently on the same type, S. americana. 
Spiza is practically a monotypic genus, for S. townsendi is only known from a single 
specimen, the status of which has given rise to much perplexity. S. americana, on the 
other hand, is a very common, widely spread species, which breeds in the States, and 
migrates southwards in winter. 
The bill in 8. americana is stout, the culmen slightly arched and produced backwards 
to the forehead, the tomia of the mandible is angular and anteriorly slightly undulating ; 
the nostrils are deeply sunk in the nasal fossa, and have a supervening membrane. ‘The 
wings are long and pointed, the first primary being the longest, the second and third 
nearly equalling the first. The tail is short and nearly even. The tarsus and middle 
toe are subequal; the lateral toes are also subequal, but do not reach to the base of the 
middle claw. 
1. Spiza americana. 
Emberiza americana, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 872°. 
Euspiza americana, Scl. P.Z.S. 1856, p. 142°; 1857, p. 205°; Sel. & Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 18°; - 
P. Z. S. 1864, p. 353°; 1870, p. 836°; 1879, p. 508"; Cass. Pr. Ac. Phil. 1860, p. 140°; 
Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 298°; viii. p. 181°; ix. p.103”; Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 4, 
p. 21%; Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. ii. p. 277; Dresser, Ibis, 1865, p. 490“; Salv. P.Z.S. 
1867, p. 142; 1870, p. 190*°; Sumichrast, Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H.i. p. 552; Frantz. 
J. f. Orn. 1869, p. 301°; Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, p. 328; Baird, Brew., & Ridgw. N. Am. B. 
ii. p. 65°; Sennett, Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv. iv. p. 19%; v. p. 392”. 
Spiza americana, Ridgw. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. iil. p. 3%; Coues, Key N. Am. B. ed. 2, p. 887 ™. 
Supra griseo-fusca, interscapulii plumis medialiter nigris lateraliter brunneis, nucha et capitis lateribus cinerecis, 
vertice antica oleagineo lavato ; superciliis, macula gulari, pectore, abdomine medio anticoque et subalaribus — 
flavis; alis et cauda fuscis, secundariis extus et tectricibus omnibus minoribus lete castaneis; gula antica 
et abdomine imo albis, gula postica nigra; rostro corneo, pedibus fuscis. Long. tota 6°3, ale 3°3, caudee 2°5, 
rostri a rictu 0°65, tarsi 0°9. (Descr. exempl. ex Angostura, Costa Rica. Mus. nostr.) 
© mari similis, macula gulari nigra nulla, sed pectore nigro striato, tectricibus alarum fusco limbatis haud 
castaneis &c. distinguenda. 
Hab. North America, Atlantic States to border of Central Plains °°, Texas 14?! 22, 
Arizona 24.—Mexico, Mazatlan (Grayson), State of Vera Cruz in winter 
(Sumichrast 1"), San Andres Tuxtla (Sadlé*), Jalapa (de Oca), Juchitan, Guichicovi, 
Tehuantepec city (Sumichrast 17), Jolbox Island, Mugeres Island, Cozumel Island, 
coast of Yucatan (G. F. Gawmer); British Honpuras (Blancaneaux), Half-Moon 
Cay (0. S.); Guatema.a (Skinner +), Volcan de Agua above San Diego, Retalhuleu, 
Huamuchal (0. 8S. & F. D. G.); Hoxpuras, Ruatan Island (G. F. Gaumer), San Pedro 
(G. M. Whitely®); Nicaragua, Greytown (Holland !°); Costa Rica (v. Frantzius), 
Tabacales (v. Frantzius 11), San José, Dota, Angostura (Carmiol 1+), Nicoya (Arcé) ; 
Panama, “David (Bridges?, Hicks), Chitra (Arcé 1%), Lion Hill (M‘Leannan® °), 
Paraiso Station (Hughes), Turbo (Wood ®)—Co.omBia ‘19; VENEZUELA. 
