CARPODACUS.—LOXIA. 423 
Temiscaltepec, Real del Monte (Bullock '), plateau of Vera Cruz (Sumichrast 8), 
San Andres Gorion (Sadlé®), Oaxaca ° (Boucard’, Fenochio). 
Mr. Ridgway decides that this species is the Fringéilla mexicana of Miiller, and on 
this point there seems little doubt that he is right, though we regret having to abandon 
Wagler’s name of F. hwmorrhoa for it. But Mr. Ridgway is still at fault in his 
nomenclature of these birds, mexicana being the oldest name must take precedence 
of frontalis! As already stated, we are in doubt if the Frontera and Monterey birds 
called C. frontalis by Prof. Baird really belong here, or to the species to which they 
were referred. The Carpodacus from Southern Mexico, which we recognize as Wagler’s 
C. hemorrhous, is readily distinguishable from C. frontalis by the absence of the rosy 
tint over the back, the broader crimson forehead, the vreyer vertex, and the much more 
restricted and deeper-coloured crimson throat. 
After D’Aubenton’s type, the first specimens obtained were probably those submitted 
to Swainson by Bullock, who shot them at Temiscaltepec and Real del Monte in the 
tableland of Mexico1°, Deppe subsequently sent examples to the Berlin Museum, 
probably from the State of Oaxaca, and it was to his specimens that Lichtenstein gave 
the name hemorrhous *, afterwards adopted by Wagler®, who considered the bird to 
be the Nochtototl of Hernandez !. 
Sumichrast says that C. mexicanus is common throughout the plateau of Mexico, 
being also found in the elevated portions of the State of Vera Cruz’. Grayson 
observed a Carpodacus in the city of Durango in February, in Guadalajara in May, 
and in Tepic in December, May, and June, and observes that it breeds in these 
localities, but does not visit the coast-region®. Mr. Lawrence named Grayson’s 
birds C. frontalis, and we refer them to C. mexicanus with doubt, not having seen 
specimens from that portion of Mexico. 
Nothing has been published that we are aware of concerning the nest and eggs of 
this species, which most probably resemble those of C. frontalis. 
There is a specimen in the British Museum with the red of the head replaced by 
yellow, thus resembling D’Aubenton’s figure. 
LOXIA. 
Loxia, Linneus, Syst. Nat. 1. p. 299 (1766). 
Loxia, as restricted to the Crossbills, contains five or six rather indefinite species, the 
number depending very much upon the amount of variation accorded to each. The 
only one which concerns us is LZ. mexicana, a modification of L. americana or of 
L. curvirostra itself. Loxia is a genus of the Palearctic and Neotropical Regions, 
being found sporadically and at uncertain seasons over the whole of the north tempe- 
rate zone. J. mexicana is probably the only species which passes the tropic, and this 
only in the Mexican highlands. 
