504 CORVIDA. 
CYANOCORAX. 
Cyanocoraz, Boie, Isis, 1826, p. 975; Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 119. 
Cyanocoraz, after separating Cyanolyca ornata and its allies, contains, according to 
Mr. Sharpe, thirteen species, divisible into two sections—one having all the tail-feathers 
tipped with white, the others not so marked. The only species found in our region 
belongs to the former section, which contains eight nominal species, two or three of 
which are perhaps of doubtful value. The frontal feathers of C. affinis are directed 
forwards and upwards so as to form an upright crest, the supranasal feathers just 
covering the nostrils. The bill is short, but stout and strong; the wings are short, the 
primaries barely exceeding the secondaries in length. 
The range of the genus extends over a large portion of Tropical South America 
from the basin on the La Plata northwards; it penetrates our region as far north as 
Costa Rica. 
1. Cyanocorax affinis. 
Cyanocorax affinis, Pelz. Sitz. Ak. Wien, xx. p. 1641; Scl. & Salv. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 354°; 1879, 
p. 510°; Salv. P. Z. 8. 1870, p. 191*; Salv. & Godm. Ibis, 1879, p. 201°; Sharpe, Cat. B. 
Brit. Mus. iti. p. 121°; Zeledon, Cat. Av. de Costa Rica, p. 10’. 
Cyanocorax pileatus, Cassin, Pr. Ac. Phil. 1860, p. 188°. 
Uroleuca pileata, Lawr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. vii. p. 296°. 
Supra purpurascente-brunneus ; nucha, uropygio et cauda lete purpurascentioribus, hujus rectricibus omnibus 
lactescente albo terminatis; capite toto cum gutture nigris; plaga malari maculisque duabus, una supra, 
altera infra oculos cyaneis; corpore subtus reliquo cum tibiis et subalaribus lactescente-albis ; rostro et 
pedibus nigris. Long. tota 13-5, ale 6-2, caude 7-0, rostri a rictu 1:4, tarsi 2-0. (Deser. exempl. ex 
Chepo, Panama. Mus. nostr.) 
Hab. Costa Rica (Zeledon™); Panama, Bugaba, Calobre (Arcé*), line of railway 
(MU*Leannan?*), Chepo (Arcé®), R. Truando and Nercua (Wood §).—Co.omsta ! 35, 
Cyanocorax affinis is a Colombian species, whose range embraces the State of Panama, 
as we have specimens from as far north as the district of Chiriqui. Mr. Zeledon 
includes it in his list of Costa-Rican birds. M‘Leannan found it not uncommon on the 
line of the Panama railway; and Cassin records it under the name of Cyanocorax 
pileatus from the rivers Truando and Nercua on the Isthmus of Darien, where Mr. Wood 
observed it in flocks on high trees near the base of the mountains; he adds that they are 
very shy and noisy birds, calling out loudly whenever an attempt was made to approach 
them. Salmon found the nest and eggs of this bird in the Cauca valley in Colombia; 
the former is composed of sticks, and all he saw were placed with considerable skill in 
situations difficult to find, generally a good way out on a branch. He adds that, though 
a noisy bird at all other times, it is usually quiet when near its nest. The eges are 
clay-brown, thickly spotted, especially at the larger end, with spots of several shades of 
yellowish brown. 
