MYIODYNASTES. 49 
by Delattre. The bird is common in Costa Rica, but in the State of Panama WM. audar 
is the prevalent species, while in South America we only know of its occurrence from a 
single specimen * obtained by Buckley in Eastern Ecuador; Dr. Taczanowski, however, 
includes it in the birds of Peru !. 
The most northern point reached by this species is probably the Chiricahua 
Mountains in Southern Arizona. Here Mr. W. H. Henshaw met with old and young 
birds in August 1874. They were discovered at the mouth of one of the deep ravines 
which intersect the mountains in every direction?!, In Nuevo Leon Mr. Armstrong 
found it not far to the south of the Rio Grande, and it also occurs in the eastern 
Sierra Madre above Ciudad Victoria at an elevation of 5000 feet above the sea. 
Further south it appears to be equally common both on the Atlantic and Pacific 
slopes of the mountains. Grayson, who met with it at Mazatlan, considered it to be 
migratory, as he only found it in the months of May and June nesting in the tall trees 
of the woods. He believed that it passed southwards during the winter months. 
In Guatemala it frequents the low-lying land on both sides of the cordillera, occurring 
in the brushwood rather than the denser forests of mixed trees. In such a situation 
Salvin obtained a specimen near Santo Toribio, a hamlet on the road from Cahabon 
to Peten. 
2. Myiodynastes audax. 
Muscicapa audax, Gum. Syst. Nat. i. p. 934°. 
Myiodynastes audux, Scl. P. Z. 8. 1859, p. 43°; Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 185 °; Scl. & Salv. 
P. Z. S. 1879, p. 514°; Salv. Ibis, 1885, p. 296°. 
Myiodynastes nobilis, Scl. P. Z. 8. 1859, p. 42°; Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 183 7; Lawr. Ann. Lyc. 
N. Y. vii. p. 295°, viii. p. 178°, ix. p.114"; Scl. & Salv. P. Z. S. 1864, p. 360"; v. Frantzius, 
J. f. Orn. 1869, p. 307; Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 148", 1870, p. 198"; Nutting, Pr. U.S. 
Nat. Mus. vi. p. 394”. 
Myiodynastes audax, nobilis et insolens, Ridgw. Man. N. Am. B. p. 332”. 
Preecedenti similis, sed fronte, superciliis et stria utrinque malari ochraceo-albidis, mento albo ; abdomine toto 
albo, nonnunquam vix flavo tincto: rostro plerumque majore mandibula pro majorem partem pallida. 
(Descr. maris ex Jalapa, Mexico. Mus. nostr.) 
mari similis. 
Hab. Mexico, Sierra Madre above Ciudad Victoria in Tamaulipas (W. B. Richardson), 
Jalapa (M. Trujillo), Mirador (Sartorius '*), Buctzotz in Yucatan (@. F. Gawmer) ; 
Costa Rica, Barranca (Carmiol!°), San Mateo (J. Cooper '°), Barranca, Cervantes, 
Turrialba (v. Frantzius !), Bebedero (Arcé); Panama, David (Licks ®), Chitra 14, 
Calobre 4, Bugaba “4, Santa Fé (Arcé), Lion Hill (JfLeannan*"), Paraiso 
Station (Hughes), Chepo (Arcé).—Soutn America, Colombia‘, Ecuador’, Vene- 
zuela 3, Guiana °. 
* This appears in Mr. Sclater’s catalogue under the name of M. nobilis, but it has all the characteristics of 
M. luteiventris, viz. yellow under surface, black chin, grey forehead, and white superciliary and malar stripes. 
BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Aves, Vol. II., February 1889. 7 
