EMPIDONAX. 69 
A. Pileus aut olivaceus aut wnbrino-brunneus, haud niger. 
a. Rostrum latiusculum. 
a’. Subtus cinnamomeus. 
1. Empidonax fulvifrons. _ 
Muscicapa fulvifrons, Giraud, Sixteen B. Texas, t. 2. f. 2'. 
Empidonax fulvifrons, Scl. P. Z. 8.1858, p. 8301”; Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 222°; Ridgw. Ibis, 
1886, p. 462*; Man. N. Am. B. p. 344’. 
Mitrephorus fulvifrons, Scl. P.Z.S. 1859, p. 45°; Scl. & Salv. Ibis, 1860, p. 275”. 
Empidonax rubicundus, Cab. & Heine, Mus. Hein. ii. p. 70°. 
Empidonax fulvifrons rubicundus, Perez, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. ix. p. 154°; Ridgw. Ibis, 1886, 
p. 463 "°; Man. N. Am. B. p. 345". 
Empidonax pygmeus, Coues, Ibis, 1865, p. 537 ». 
Empidonax fulvifrons pygmeus, Ridgw. Ibis, 1886, p. 463°; Man. N. Am. B. p. 345". 
Empidonax pallescens, Coues, Pr. Ac. Phil. 1866, p. 63”. 
Mitrephorus fulvifrons, var. pallescens, Baird, Brew., & Ridgw. N. Am. B. i. p. 386 *°; Coues, B. N. 
W. p. 259"; Henshaw, U.S. Geogr. Surv. West 100th Mer. v. p. 364”. 
Mitrephanes fulvifrons pallescens, Coues, Key N. Am. B. ed. 2, p. 443”. 
Supra omnino brunneus; capite summo paulo saturatiore; alis nigricantibus, tectricibus fulvo terminatis, 
secundariis quoque albo limbatis; cauda nigricante, rectrice extima utrinque in pogonio externo alba: 
subtus rufescenti-fulvus; gutture et abdomine paulo dilutioribus: rostri maxilla nigricante, mandibula 
flava; pedibus nigricantibus. Long. tota 4:6, ale 2°5, caude 2:0, tarsi 0°6, rostri a rictu 0°5. (Descr. 
maris ex Coapa prope urbem Mexico. Mus. nostr.) 
© mari similis. 
Hab. Nortu AMeERIcA, Southern Arizona1®’ and New Mexico !8.—Mexico 8, Tutuaca 
and Rio Verde in Chihuahua (W. Lloyd), Amula and Omilteme in Guerrero 
(Mrs. H. H. Smith), Ixtapalapa, Hacienda Eslava, Huipulco, Coapa, Mexicalcingo, 
Culhuacan, Axotla, Chimalpa, Coajimalpa, all near Mexico city (Ferrari-Perez), 
valley of Mexico (H. le Strange), Huehuetlan (Ferrari-Perez®); GUATEMALA, 
Quezaltenango, Duefias’ (0. S. & F. D. G.). 
Mr. Ridgway recognizes three forms of this species, namely, &. fulvifrons from 
Eastern Mexico and Southern Texas, Z. fulvifrons rubicundus from Southern Mexico, 
and &. fulvifrons pygmeus from New Mexico southwards into Western Mexico. We 
have now specimens from all these districts except of course from Texas, where its 
presence is doubtful. Our largest series comes from the vicinity of the city of Mexico, 
and amongst these the three forms appear to be fully represented, and, moreover, they 
-are united by every intermediate gradation. Our ruddiest birds come from the high- 
lands of Guatemala, where the species is doubtless resident, as it is elsewhere, except, 
perhaps, at the northern extremity of its range. 
Mr. Henshaw found this bird breeding at Inscription Rock in New Mexico, and he 
also met with it in Arizona, where, according to Dr. Coues, it is a rare summer visitor. 
