MILVULUS. 105 
Tyrannus (Milvulus) monachus, Hartl. Rev. Zool. 1844, p. 214”. 
Milvulus monachus, Scl. & Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 121”; P. Z. S. 1859, p. 884”; Taylor, Ibis, 1860, 
p. 114"; Lawr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. vii. p. 295”. 
Supra griseus; uropygio nigricante; capite nigerrimo, crista celata sulphurea ornato; alis fuscis, tectricibus 
et secundariis sordide griseo limbatis; cauda nigra, rectrice extima utrinque in pogonio externo pro 
dimidio basali alba: subtus pure albus. Long. tota 14:5, ale 4:1, caude rect. med. 2°5, rect. lat. 10°5, 
tarsi 0-7, rostri a rictu 0°8. 
© mari similis, sed cauda multo breviore. (Descr. maris et femine ex Poctum, Guatemala. Mus. nostr.) 
Hab. Nortu America, accidental 16—Muxico, Playa Vicente (Boucard**), Plains of 
Vera Cruz (Sallé?, Sumichrast 1°): British Honpuras, Old River and Pine-ridges 
of Belize (Leyland °), Saddle Cay 74, Half-Moon Cay 7° (0. S.); Guaremata 1, Peten 
(Leyland *), Pine-ridge of Poctum (0. 8S. &@ &. D. G.), San Gerénimo, Estansuelas 7” 
(O. S.); Honpuras, Omoa and Comayagua (Leyland®), Langui and Agua Azul 
(Taylor 2+); Nicaragua, Chontales (Lel¢ 1%), San Juan del Sur (Nutting 18); Costa 
Rica ® (v. Frantzius +), Orosi and San José’ (Carmiol}, Irazu (Nutting ", Rogers), 
Turrialba (Arcé); Panama, David (Bridges?, Hicks"), Castillo !*, Calovevora 1, 
Calobre '*, Santiago de Veraguas !', Santa Fé 1 (Areé), Lion Hill (M‘Leannan ® ?°). 
—Soutu America generally +, from Colombia !° to the Argentine Republic !°. 
The occurrence of this species in North America appears to be quite accidental, and 
most of the records rest upon Audubon’s observations!®. In Mexico it is stated by 
Sumichrast to be abundant in winter in the savannahs of the hot lands of Vera Cruz, 
up to an elevation of about 2300 feet 1°. We, however, know little of its occurrence 
in Mexico, as none of our recent collections from that country contained specimens. 
There is, however, one example from that country in the British Museum, obtained by 
M. Boucard, but without precise locality. That traveller, however, is stated to have 
found it at Playa Vicente 2%. In the pine-districts and more open country of British 
Honduras and the adjoining parts of Guatemala in the district of Peten, Milvulus 
tyrannus is tolerably common, and several specimens were obtained in the pine-ridge 
of Poctum, where small flocks were observed frequenting the patches of trees and 
flying about displaying conspicuously their long forked scissor-like tails. South- 
wards of this district of Guatemala this species appears to occur in all suitable 
localities to the State of Panama, and thence over the greater part of South 
America to the Argentine Republic!®. Mr. Hudson has given some interesting 
notes on this bird as observed by him in the Argentine Republic, where he states 
it is migratory. 
Salmon, who found it breeding in the Colombian State of Antioquia, describes its 
nest as made of grass-stalks, roots, and fibres, intermixed with cotton, silk, and a variety 
of other substances, the lining being composed of dry roots or grass. This structure 
is placed on the spreading branch of a tree at no great height from the ground. 
The eggs are creamy white, distinctly spotted with dark red, especially at the larger 
end 1°, 
BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Aves, Vol. II., December 1890. 14 
