PIPRA.—CHIROXIPHIA. lil 
the difference is insignificant. The species appears to be not uncommon in the State 
of Panama, the limit of its range in this direction; it thence spreads southwards over 
the greater part of Tropical South America to the southern confines of Brazil. 
b. Gula alba. 
5. Pipra leucorrhoa. 
Pipra leucorrhoa, Scl. P. Z. 8. 1863, p. 63, t. 10'; Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 801’; Salv. P. Z.S. 
1867, p. 149°; 1870, p. 200‘; Ibis, 1872, p. 318°; Lawr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. ix. p. 116% 
Supra nitide purpureo-nigra, gutture et crisso albis; rostro et pedibus nigricantibus. Long. tota 3°5, ale 2°3, 
caude 1-2, rostri a rictu 0:5, tarsi 0-6. (Descr. maris ex Chitra, Panama. Mus. nostr.) 
@ supra viridis ; subtus medialiter albicans, gutture griseo-albicante, 
Hab. Nicaragua, Chontales (Belt 5); Costa Rica, Tucurriqui (Arcé), Angostura, Guaitil 
(Carmiol ®); Panama, Chiriqui +, Bugaba 4, Laguna de Castillo*, Boquete de Chitra‘, 
Calovevora 4, Santa Fé 3 (Arcé).—Cotompta }. 
This species is a close ally of P. gutturalis of Guiana, but may be readily distin- 
guished by the upper surface being of a uniform shiny purple, P. gutturalis having a 
dull ring round the back of the neck and a dull patch on the lower back; moreover 
the last-named species has a large white patch on each wing, which must show 
conspicuously when the wing is extended. The ends of the under tail-coverts of 
P. leucorrhoa are white. The females are very like that sex of P. leucocilla, but may 
be distinguished by the upper surface being of a uniform green: the best character, 
‘however, for distinction is in the nostrils; these in P. /ewcorrhoa are more open than 
in P. leucocilla. 
CHIROXIPHIA. 
Chiroxiphia, Cabanis, in Wiegm. Arch. f. Naturg. xiii. pt. i. p. 235 (1847); Scl. Cat. Birds Brit. 
Mus. xiv. p. 307. 
Chiroxiphia contains six well-defined species, which are distributed over Tropical 
America from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec to S. Brazil and Bolivia. Two occur in 
Central America, of which C. lanceolata is a species of the northern portion of South 
America, which enters our fauna in the State of Panama. The other, C. linearis, is 
peculiar to Central America, and ranges from Costa Rica to Tehuantepec, but is found 
almost exclusively in the forests bordering the Pacific Ocean. 
In general structure Chiroxiphia resembles Pipra; but the male has peculiar 
characters of coloration, and the nostrils open at the end of the nasal fossa, though 
hidden by the supra-nasal feathers. The central rectrices of C. linearis are much 
lengthened, those of C. danceolata less so; but this character is not found in all the 
members of the genus. 
