SPHYROPICUS.—DENDROCOPUS. 431 
from Mr. Buchan-Hepburn, who shot it near Pinos Altos in Chihuahua. We have 
since received several examples from Mr. Lloyd from the same State, and others from 
Mr. Richardson from as far south as Bolafios in the sierras of Jalisco. Dr. Buller also met 
with it near Guadalajara and sent specimens to Mr. Rothschild, which we have seen. 
DENDROCOPUS. | 
Dendrocopus, Koch, Baier. Zool. i. p. 72 (1816) (nec Vieill. 1816==Dendrocolaptes, Herm.) ; 
Hargitt, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xviii. p. 201. 
Dryobates, Boie, Isis, 1829, p. 977, et auctt. Amer. 
This genus has a wide range over nearly the whole of North America, Northern 
Kurope, and Asia to Japan, and southwards in the New World to Costa Rica and 
Chiriqui, and in the Old to North Africa, Northern India, and Burmah, as well as 
Malacca and Java. In South America there is also an isolated colony of species 
inhabiting Chili, Argentina, and the extreme south of Brazil. No species is found in 
the Ethiopian region. In America by far the larger number of species belong to the 
north, beyond the limits of our region; but we find within our boundary two closely 
allied forms in Dendrocopus harrisi and D. jardinii, as well as such well-defined species 
as D. stricklandi, D. arizone, and D. scalaris—a small proportion of only five 
representatives of the whole forty-five species and subspecies recognized by Mr. Hargitt 
in his recent Catalogue of the Picide. 
With many of the features of Sphyropicus, Dendrocopus can be distinguished by the 
development of the stiff curved bristly feathers which completely hide the nostrils and 
also the angle between the rami of the mandible; the groove and the ridge above it 
which runs above the nostril parallel to the culmen are very strongly developed. 
In using Koch’s generic name Dendrocopus for these Woodpeckers, we follow 
Swainson (1837) and Mr. Hargitt. The same name was applied to a totally different 
group of birds by Vieillot, also in 1816. Which title has actual priority is not easy 
to say. Anyhow Vieillot’s name can never be used, as it is simply a synonym of 
Dendrocolaptes ; so Dendrocopus, Koch, may be allowed to stand. 
a. Ale externe et plume scapulares uniformes ; nucha maris coccinea. 
1. Dendrocopus harrisi. 
Picus harrisii, Aud. Orn. Biogr. v. p. 191°. 
Picus villosus, var. harrisi, Baird, Brew., & Ridgw. N. Am. Birds, 11. p. 507’. 
Dendrocopus harrisi, Hargitt, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xviii. p. 234°. 
Supra nitenti-niger, dorso medio plaga elongata alba notata, nucha coccinea; plumis nasalibus, superciliis et 
stria elongata infra oculos albis: subtus albus, plumis pectoris laterum medialiter nigris, hypochondriis 
sparsim nigro striatis; remigibus externis in pogonio externo et alis subtus omnino albo maculatis; 
caude rectricibus duabus subexternis fere omnino albis, in pogonio interno nigro irregulater albo notatis; 
rostro nigro; pedibus plumbeis. Long. tota circa 8:0, ale 5:0, caude 3:9, rostri a rictu 1-4, tarsi 0-8, dig. 
med. absque ungue 0°54, dig. ext. 0°64. 
