CELEUS. 44] 
The species of Celeus are strictly Neotropical birds and inhabitants of the hot forests 
wherever they are found. One species, C. castaneus, is restricted to our region, and 
ranges from the State of Vera Cruz to Costa Rica. Another, C. loricatus, occurs in 
Eastern Costa Rica and in the State of Panama, and thence southwards to Peru. A 
third species, referred to below, may also occur in the State of Panama. 
The bill of Celeus has the culmen slightly arched ; the nostrils are exposed, the post- 
nasal feathers being erect but not curved forward as in many Woodpeckers; above the 
nostrils is a ridge running parallel to the culmen and disappearing halfway along the 
side of the maxilla. The feathers of the occiput are long, those of the neck short. 
Rich chestnut with cross markings of black are the chief colours of the plumage; and 
a well-defined red rictal stripe marks the male in most of the species. In C. loricatus 
these stripes unite under the chin. The outer toe (reversed) without its claw is shorter 
than the middle toe. 
1. Celeus castaneus. 
Picus castaneus, Wag]. Isis, 1829, p. 515°. 
Celeus castaneus, Scl. P. Z. S. 1858, p. 359°; 1859, p. 388°; Moore, P. Z.S. 1859, p. 60*; Scl. 
& Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 137°; P. Z. 8. 1870, p. 837°; Taylor, Ibis, 1860, p. 1197; Lawr. 
Ann. Lyc. N. Y. viti. p.184°; ix. p. 180°; v. Frantz. J. f. Orn. 1869, p. 364"; Salv. Ibis, 
1872, p.3820” ; Sumichrast, La Nat. v. p. 240 '*; Boucard, P. Z. S. 1883, p- 452*°; Zeledon, 
An. Mus. Nac. Costa Rica, 1887, p. 123“; Hargitt, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xviii. p. 433”. 
Picus badioides, Less. Cent. Zool. p. 56, t. 14°. 
Celeus badioides, Scl. P. Z. 8. 1857, p. 229". 
Castaneo-rufus, corpore toto (dorso postico excepto) lunulis nigris ornato ; pileo toto et crista occipitali elon- 
gata, ochraceo-rufescentibus ; capitis lateribus et mento ejusdem coloris, stria utrinque rictali et regione 
parotica coccineis; remigibus fuscis, intus ad basin castaneis; secundariis castaneis, internis medialiter 
maculis sagittiformibus nigris sparsim notatis, subalaribus flavis; cauda nigra, dimidio basali saturate 
castaneo ; rostro eburneo-albo ; pedibus fuscis. Long. tota circa 9:0, ale 5:1, caude 3°3, rostri a rictu 1:2, 
tarsi 0-8, dig. med. absque ungue 0-8, dig. ext. 0°6. 
2 mari similis, stria rictali coccinea utrinque nulla. (Descr. maris et femine ex Choctum, Guatemala. Mus. 
nostr.) 
Hab. Muxico 1%, Cuesalpa ’, Santecomapam 1’, Playa Vicente? (Boucard), Orizaba 
(Bottert '°), Omealca, Uvero (Sumichrast 2), Atoyac (Mrs. H. H. Smith), Tizimin 
in Yucatan (Gaumer '° 1°), Chimalapa, Tehuantepec (W. B. Richardson); Britisu 
Honpuras, Orange Walk (Gawmer); Guaremana, Teleman, Choctum (0. S. & 
ff. D. G.); Honpcras (Dyson !>), Omoa (Leyland 4), Julian, San Pedro (G. MV. 
Whitely®), Potrerillos (G. C. Taylor?7); Nicaragua, Chontales (Belt), La 
Libertad (W. B. Richardson), Greytown ( Holland’); Costa Rica (v. Frantzius 1°), 
Turrialba (Cooper °, Zeledon +), Pacuare (Zeledon 14), Angostura (Carmiol®). 
This Celeus has long been known as an inhabitant of Mexico and Central America, 
having been described by Wagler in 1829, and since observed, though in sparing 
numbers, by most of the collectors who have worked in the country now examined. It 
BIOL. CENTR.-AMER., Aves, Vol. II., May 1895. 56 
