452 PICID. 
‘Nomenclator,’ and subsequently confirmed in the paper on Salmon’s collection from 
Antioquia. 
With regard to the extension of the range of this species to Costa Rica, as given by 
Hargitt, it would seem that he was induced, by Dr. Cabanis’s note (J. f. Orn. 1862, p. 176) 
on three specimens sent to Berlin by Dr. von Frantzius and Hoffmann, to place all 
the Costa-Rica references to C. scapularis under C. lineatus. These are described as 
rather larger than Mexican examples, with a darker horn-coloured bill, and with the 
light parts under the wing of a purer white, without a yellowish tint. All these 
characters certainly point to C. lineatus, though Dr. Cabanis, looking upon his speci- 
mens as somewhat intermediate, called them C. scapularis, in which he has been 
followed by other writers on Costa-Rica birds. In the following year Cabanis and 
Heine described the same specimens as C. mesorhynchus (Mus. Hein. iv. Heft 2, p. 86, 
note), and further suggested that probably the same form occurred throughout Central 
America. This we now know to be not the case, as the bird found in Central America 
north of Costa Rica is certainly the same as that of Mexico. 
Unfortunately a series of specimens from Costa Rica is not accessible to us, for the 
only example we have seen from that country is a female, and this appears to be a 
true C. scapularis, to which species Hargitt has already referred it. 
In answer to enquiries, Mr. Ridgway writes that the only adult specimen in the U. S. 
National Museum appears to be intermediate between C. scapularis and C. lineatus. It 
therefore seems probable that in Costa Rica the two forms intergrade. 
Subfam. PICUMNINA. 
Cauda laxa haud scansoria, rectricibus rotundatis haud acutis. 
Of the four genera contained in this subfamily, only one, Picumnus, is represented 
in Central America. Of the others, Nesoctites (a modification of Picumnus) is found 
in the island of Hispaniola. The remaining genera are both Old-World forms, viz. : 
Verreauxia of West Africa, and Sasia of the Indo-Malayan sub-region. Picumnus is 
also an Old-World genus, according to Hargitt, who includes Vivia within its limits. 
PICUMNUS. 
Picumnus, Temminck, Pl. Col. livr. 62 (1825); Hargitt, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xviii. p. 521. 
Including the Old-World genus Vivia with two species, Hargitt admits thirty-three: 
species of Picumnus, which we would reduce to thirty-two, as we do not consider 
P. granadensis separable from P. olivaceus. All the thirty American species are found 
in South America, the only one occurring within our limits being the bird just named. 
1. Picumnus olivaceus. 
Picumnus olivaceus, Lafr. Rev. Zool. 1845, pp. 7', 1117; Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 212°; Scl. & Salv. 
P. Z. 8. 1870, pp. 837 *, 889°; Hargitt, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xviii. p. 548°. 
