210 ANATIDA. 
pallide arenariis, nigro anguste striolatis; corpore subtus rufescenti-fulvo, nigro multi-maculato, prie- 
pectore precipue nigro maculatim notato ; pectore et abdomine pure albis ; alis et axillaribus sicut in mari 
coloratis, sed tectricibus medianis minus saturate castaneis: rostro aurantiaco-brunneo, nigro variegato. 
Long. tota circa 19-0, ale 9:8, caude 3-5. (Deser. fomine adults ex Zacatecas. Mus. nostr.) 
Juv. femine adulte similis, sed corpore subtus toto nigro maculato, et tectricibus alarum medianis minime 
castaneis. 
Hab. Norra Amentca, breeding chiefly within the United States ’—Mexico, San Diego, 
Sonora (Robinette®), Rio Janos, Chihuahua (Kennerly °), Mazatlan (Grayson ®), 
Presidio (Forrer +), Guanajuato, Guadalajara (Dugeés 8), Zacatecas (Richardson**), 
Valley of Mexico (Herrera *®), Tehuacan, Puebla, Laguna del Rosario, Vera Cruz, 
Barra de Santa Ana (Ferrari-Perez *).—WEST Inpies !1,—Temperate portions of 
Northern Europe and Asia, wintering in N.E. Africa, India, and China 1}. 
The Gadwall is an inhabitant of the temperate portions of Europe and North 
America, wintering southward of its breeding-range. Grayson states that it is abundant 
in the neighbourhood of Mazatlan, from November until late in the spring. 
In habits C. streperus resembles the Mallard, but is in every respect a freshwater 
Duck, feeding on water-plants and small molluscs. The species is rather shy, 
frequenting marshy places, where it easily finds a hiding-place. The nest is placed 
on the ground or in a tuft of reeds and is well-concealed. The eggs vary from nine to 
thirteen in number, and are of a pale creamy-yellow. 
MARECA. 
Mareca, Steph. in Shaw’s Gen. Zool. xii. pt. 2, p. 180 (1824) ; Salvad. Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. xxvii. 
p. 227 (1895) ; Oates, Man. Game-Birds of India, ii. p. 168 (1899). 
The members of this genus may be distinguished from the rest of the true Ducks by 
their short bill, which is wider at the base than at the tip, the lamelle of the upper 
mandible being hardly perceptible when the bill is viewed laterally. The sexes, as 
pointed out by Mr. Oates, differ greatly, not only in general colour, but in that of the 
speculum also. 
Three species are known—ZIf. penelope, inhabiting the Palearctic Region, and 
M. americana, North and Central America, while MW. stbilatrix is found in the southern 
parts of South America. 
Yi. Mareca americana. 
Anas americana, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. 2, p. 526; Herrera, La Nat. (2) i. pp. 187, 828°; Allen, 
Bull. Amer. Mus. N. H. v. p. 82°; A. O.U. Check-l. N. Amer. Birds, 2nd ed. p. 49.%. 
Mareca americana, Scl. & Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 231°; P. Z. 8.1876, p. 394°; Salv. Ibis, 1865, p. 1937; 
Dugés, La Nat.i. p. 143°; Lawr. Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. ii. p. 815°; Sumichr. La Nat. 
v. p. 234"; Baird, Brewer, & Ridgw. Water-Birds N. Amer. i. p. 520" ; Salvad. Cat. Birds 
Brit. Mus. xxvii. p. 233”. 
Anas penelope, Wagler (nec Linn.), Isis, 1831, p. 532 ba 
